| Information | |
|---|---|
| has gloss | (noun) letters or symbols that are written or imprinted on a surface to represent the sounds or words of a language; "he turned the paper over so the writing wouldn't show"; "the doctor's writing was illegible" writing |
| has gloss | eng: Writing is all that gives rise to an inscription in general. In Western Culture writing is often only considered as the representation of language in a textual medium through the use of a set of signs or symbols (known as a writing system). Writing may use abstract characters that represent phonetic elements of speech, as in Indo-European languages, or it may use simplified representations of objects or concepts, as in east-Asian and ancient Egyptian pictographic writing forms. However, it is distinguished from illustration, such as cave drawing and painting, and non-symbolic preservation of language via non-textual media, such as magnetic tape audio. |
| has gloss | eng: Writing is the act of recording information on a visual medium so that it may be read by others. It differs from speech because the readers need not be present at the time. We can read writing from long ago, and from different parts of the world. Writing is one of the greatest inventions of the human species. It was invented after people had settled in towns, and after agriculture had started. Writing dates from about 3,300BC, which is over 5000 years ago, in the Middle East. |
| lexicalization | eng: Write |
| lexicalization | eng: writing |
| subclass of | (noun) communication by means of written symbols (either printed or handwritten) black and white, written communication, written language |
| has subclass | (noun) a method of representing the sounds of a language by written or printed symbols orthography, writing system |
| has subclass | (noun) a system of signals used to represent letters or numbers in transmitting messages coding system |
| has subclass | (noun) writing in capital letters capitalization, capitalisation |
| has subclass | (noun) writing done with a typewriter typing, typewriting |
| has subclass | (noun) text handwritten in the style of printed matter printing |
| has subclass | (noun) something written by hand; "she recognized his handwriting"; "his hand was illegible" hand, script, handwriting |
| has subclass | (noun) writing that resembles hieroglyphics (usually by being illegible) hieroglyphic, hieroglyph |
| has subclass | (noun) writing formed in the sky by smoke released from an airplane skywriting |
| has subclass | (noun) reproduction by applying ink to paper as for publication printing process, printing |
| has subclass | (noun) a technical system of symbols used to represent special things notation, notational system |
| has subclass | e/Abjad |
| has subclass | e/Abugida |
| has subclass | e/Berkanan |
| has subclass | e/Brāhmī script |
| has subclass | c/Arabic letters |
| has subclass | c/Books about writing |
| has subclass | c/Chronicles |
| has subclass | c/Creative writing programs |
| has subclass | c/Greek letters |
| has subclass | c/Inventors of writing systems |
| has subclass | c/Methods of writing |
| has subclass | c/Novels first published in serial form |
| has subclass | c/Scripts with ISO 15924 four-letter codes |
| has subclass | c/Types of inscriptions |
| has subclass | c/Writing awards |
| has subclass | c/Writing contests |
| has subclass | e/Cretan hieroglyphs |
| has subclass | e/Egyptian hieroglyphs |
| has subclass | e/Grapheme |
| has subclass | e/Illuminated manuscript |
| has subclass | e/Javanese script |
| has subclass | e/Poets |
| has subclass | e/Raido |
| has subclass | e/Styleguide |
| has subclass | e/Thiuth |
| has subclass | e/Typeface |
| has subclass | e/Undeciphered writing systems |
| Note: 533 other instance(s) ommited in the following list | |
| has instance | e/bg/Тетраграма (езикознание) |
| has instance | e/cv/Хунну çырăвĕ |
| has instance | e/de/Bilderschrift |
| has instance | e/Addendum |
| has instance | e/Alphabetic principle |
| has instance | e/Automatic summarization |
| has instance | e/Creative writing |
| has instance | e/First-person narrative |
| has instance | e/Hand (handwriting) |
| has instance | e/History of writing |
| has instance | e/ISO 15924 |
| has instance | e/Iconophor |
| has instance | e/Interactive storytelling |
| has instance | e/Internet spelling |
| has instance | e/Leiden Conventions |
| has instance | e/Melin Shorthand |
| has instance | e/Readability survey |
| has instance | e/SMOG |
| has instance | e/Section headers of a Chinese dictionary |
| has instance | e/Speedwriting |
| has instance | e/The Book of the White Earl |
| has instance | e/Transition (fiction) |
| has instance | e/Urnfield culture numerals |
| has instance | e/eo/Skribarto |
| has instance | e/es/Expresion escrita |
| has instance | c/fi/Kirjoitusvälineet |
| has instance | c/fr/Histoire de l'écriture |
| has instance | e/fr/Porte-plume (écriture) |
| has instance | e/he/רשימה |
| has instance | e/hi/जावा लिपि |
| has instance | e/hi/नागरी लिपि |
| has instance | e/ja/JIS Z 8303 |
| has instance | e/ja/圏点 |
| has instance | e/ja/脇付 |
| has instance | c/pl/Pismo arabskie |
| has instance | c/ru/Письменности по языковым группам |
| has instance | e/sv/Pekoral |
| has instance | e/th/พินาโคแกรม |
| has instance | c/th/เครื่องเขียน |
| has instance | c/tr/Hecesel yazı sistemleri |
| Meaning | |
|---|---|
| Assyrian Neo-Aramaic | |
| has gloss | aii: ܟܬܒܐ ܗܘ ܨܘܪܬܐ ܕܡ̈ܠܬܐ ܒܦܐܬܐ ܥܡ ܛܘ̈ܦܣܐ܀ |
| lexicalization | aii: ܟܬܒܐ |
| Arabic | |
| has gloss | ara: إن اﻟكتابة طريقة يمكن بها توثيق النطق ونقل الفكَر والأحداث إلى رموز يمكن قراءتها حسب نموذج مخصص لكل لغة. بدأ الإنسان الكتابة عن طريق الرسم ثم تطورت هذه الرموز إلى أحرف لكي تختصر وقت الكتابة. |
| lexicalization | ara: كتابة |
| Aragonese | |
| lexicalization | arg: Escritura |
| Asturian | |
| has gloss | ast: La escritura ye un sistema de representación gráfica duna llingua, per mediu de signos grabaos o dibuxaos sobro un soporte. Ye un métodu de intercomunicación humana que se realiza per mediu de signos visuales que constitúin un sistema. Un sistema descritura pue ser completu o incompletu; ye completul que pue espresar ensin ambigüedá tolo que pue manifestar y dicir una llingua determinada. Les primeres téuniques descritura diéronse yá nel 4000 e.C. |
| lexicalization | ast: escritura |
| Aymara | |
| has gloss | aym: Qillqa , maya kunxatsa qillqata. Ukhama nayra achachilanaxa sutiyapxiritayna. Maya aruptayiri sapa mayni jisk'a chimpu. |
| lexicalization | aym: qillqa |
| Bavarian | |
| lexicalization | bar: Schreiben |
| Belarusian | |
| lexicalization | bel: Пісьменнасць |
| Bosnian | |
| has gloss | bos: Pisanje je ljudska aktivnost kojom se na nečemu ostavlja trag u vidu simbola (slova) iz skupa unaprijed utvrđenih znakova (pisma). |
| lexicalization | bos: Pisanje |
| lexicalization | bos: Pismo |
| Bulgarian | |
| lexicalization | bul: Писменост |
| lexicalization | bul: документ |
| Catalan | |
| has gloss | cat: Lescriptura és un mètode dintercomunicació humana que es realitza mitjançant signes visuals que constitueixen un sistema. Un sistema descriptura pot ser complet o incomplet; és complet el que pot expressar sense ambigüitat tot el que pot manifestar i dir una llengua determinada. El domini de lescriptura (i la lectura associada), s'anomena alfabetisme. |
| lexicalization | cat: escriptura |
| Cebuano | |
| has gloss | ceb: Ang pagsulat usa ka representasyon sa pinulongan ngadto sa teksto nga porma pinaagi sa paggamit og mga simbolo (nailhan isip sistema sa pagsulat). Lahi kini sa ilustrasyon o paghulagway, sama sa mga drowing sa langob ug pamintal, ug ang pagrekord sa pinulongan pinaagi sa dili-tekstwal nga medyum sama sa magnetic tape audio. |
| lexicalization | ceb: Pagsulat |
| Czech | |
| has gloss | ces: Psaní je proces zaznamenávání informací na médium tak, že je čitelný ostatními lidmi i v budoucnu. |
| lexicalization | ces: psaní |
| lexicalization | ces: dokument |
| Welsh | |
| has gloss | cym: Ysgrifen yw unrhyw beth syn cofnodi iaith trwy ddefnyddio system o symbolau, arwyddion neu lythrennau. Defnyddir ysgrifennu am y weithred oi gynhyrchu. |
| lexicalization | cym: Ysgrifennu |
| lexicalization | cym: ysgrifen |
| Danish | |
| lexicalization | dan: dokument |
| lexicalization | dan: Skrivning |
| German | |
| has gloss | deu: Schreiben (von althochdeutsch scriban, aus lat.: scribere mit dem Griffel auf einer Tafel einritzen) bezeichnet das Aufzeichnen von Schriftzeichen, Buchstaben, Ziffern oder musikalischen Noten. Sein Gegenstück ist das Lesen, der Prozess, schriftlich niedergelegte Informationen und Ideen aufzunehmen und zu verstehen. Das Schreiben ist eine elementare Kulturtechnik. Die Geschichte des Schreibens ist untrennbar verknüpft mit der Geschichte der Schrift. |
| lexicalization | deu: Schreiben |
| lexicalization | deu: Schrift |
| lexicalization | deu: Dokument |
| lexicalization | deu: Handschrift |
| Modern Greek (1453-) | |
| has gloss | ell: H γραφή είναι η αναπαράσταση της γλώσσας με την τέχνη του κειμένου και μέσα από την χρήση ενός συνόλου σημείων ή συμβόλων (γνωστού και ως σύστημα γραφής). Η γραφή μπορεί να χρησιμοποιήσει αφηρημένους χαρακτήρες που αναπαριστούν τα φωνητικά στοιχεία του λόγου, όπως στις Ινδο-ευρωπαϊκές γλώσσες, ή απλοποιημένες αναπαραστάσεις αντικειμένων και εννοιών, όπως είχαμε στην Ανατολική Ασία και στην Αρχαία Αίγυπτο στις πικτογραφικές μορφές γραφής. Εντούτοις η γραφή διακρίνεται απο την εικονογραφία, όπως τα σχέδια εντός των σπηλαίων και η ζωγραφική, και την μη συμβολική διατήρηση της γλώσσας μέσα από μη κειμενικά μέσα, όπως ήταν οι μαγνητικές ταινίες ηχογράφησης. |
| lexicalization | ell: γραφή |
| lexicalization | ell: έγγραφο/τίτλος/τεκμήριο |
| Esperanto | |
| has gloss | epo: Skribo estas la maniero prezenti lingvon en grafika formo, uzante specialajn signojn kaj simbolojn (vidu skribsistemo). Skribado distingiĝas de ilustrado kaj registrado de parolo per aliaj rimedoj (kiel aŭdskribo). |
| lexicalization | epo: skribo |
| Estonian | |
| lexicalization | est: dokument |
| Basque | |
| lexicalization | eus: Idatzi |
| lexicalization | eus: Idazketa |
| Persian | |
| has gloss | fas: نوشتن یا نگارش نوعی رسانهٔ مجازی برای انتقال اطلاعات است که با آن میتوان مفاهیم، و اندیشهها را بیان و صورتبندی کرد، و یا آنها را پرورش و اشاعه داد. |
| lexicalization | fas: نوشتن |
| Finnish | |
| has gloss | fin: Kirjoitus tarkoittaa kielen ilmaisemista piirretyillä symboleilla. |
| lexicalization | fin: kirjoitus |
| lexicalization | fin: asiakirja |
| French | |
| has gloss | fra: Lécriture littéraire désigne la manière par laquelle certains écrits se situent dans la société et lhistoire. Le mot écriture a acquis un sens tout a fait nouveau au début des années 1960, Roland Barthes layant choisi pour désigner la façon dont lécrivain lui même envisage la place de ses écrits |
| lexicalization | fra: Ecriture litteraire |
| lexicalization | fra: Ecriture Littéraire |
| lexicalization | fra: écriture littéraire |
| lexicalization | fra: Écriture |
| lexicalization | fra: écriture |
| lexicalization | fra: document |
| Gan Chinese | |
| has gloss | gan: 書寫係搦滴子符號、標記去記錄一隻語言嗰方式。佢不係畫像，好似素描、畫畫箇類藝術，也不係非文本嗰記錄語言，好似錄音箇類手法。 |
| lexicalization | gan: 書寫 |
| Galician | |
| lexicalization | glg: escrita |
| Alemannic | |
| lexicalization | gsw: Schrift |
| Haitian | |
| lexicalization | hat: Ekri |
| Serbo-Croatian | |
| lexicalization | hbs: Pismo |
| Hebrew | |
| has gloss | heb: כתיבה היא הפעולה של רישום אותיות, מספרים, מילים ומשפטים על מצע כלשהו: דף נייר, לוח חרס, בד וכדומה על מנת להעביר מידע בשפה כלשהי. כתיבה באמצעות מחשב או מכונת כתיבה מבוצעת על ידי הקלדה. המונח "כתיבה" מתייחס לא רק לפעולה הפיזית של חקיקת האותיות על המצע אלא גם לחיבור האותיות לכדי מילים ומשפטים ויצירת קטע טקסט בשפה כלשהי. |
| lexicalization | heb: כתיבה |
| Hindi | |
| lexicalization | hin: लिपि |
| lexicalization | hin: लेखन |
| Croatian | |
| has gloss | hrv: Pisanje je ljudska aktivnost kojom se na nečemu ostavlja trag u vidu simbola (slova) iz skupa unaprijed utvrđenih znakova (pisma). |
| lexicalization | hrv: Pisanje |
| lexicalization | hrv: Pismo |
| Hungarian | |
| has gloss | hun: Az írás mint alkotó tevékenység, a közlés egyik formája alapvetően fogalmazást, illetve kreatív írást jelent. |
| lexicalization | hun: Csonkok |
| lexicalization | hun: írás |
| lexicalization | hun: dokumentum |
| Armenian | |
| lexicalization | hye: Գրություն |
| Ido | |
| has gloss | ido: Skriburo esas la vidanta expreso di pensajo e parolajo. Sen skriburo savo transrecevesas kun helpo di memoro e la konteno di mesajo ne duras akurata. Sen la helpo di skriburi kulturala developo ne esabus posibla. |
| lexicalization | ido: skriburo |
| Indonesian | |
| has gloss | ind: Menulis adalah suatu kegiatan untuk menciptakan suatu catatan atau informasi pada suatu media dengan menggunakan aksara. |
| lexicalization | ind: menulis |
| Icelandic | |
| has gloss | isl: Skrift er sú athöfn að skrá niður bókstafi í þeim tilgangi að mynda orð og setningar, eða skrá niður upplýsingar á annan hátt. Einnig á hugtakið við um þá iðju að setja saman orð og setningar í huganum í þeim tilgangi að setja á blað, sbr. að „sitja við skriftir“. Rithöfundar nota skrift til að skrá niður bókmenntir. |
| lexicalization | isl: skrift |
| Italian | |
| lexicalization | ita: documento |
| Japanese | |
| has gloss | jpn: 筆記（ひっき）とは、言葉を意図的に選択し、特定の構文を用いて、何かを書き記すことである。それを記録するための道具や手段の選択肢は無限であるといってもよい。実際、人類は紙をはじめとして、石版、竹簡、亀甲、壁、果てはディスプレイに至るまで、様々なものの上に書き記してきた。 |
| lexicalization | jpn: 文書作成 |
| lexicalization | jpn: 筆記 |
| lexicalization | jpn: 文字 |
| Kabyle | |
| lexicalization | kab: Tira |
| Georgian | |
| has gloss | kat: დამწერლობა — წერის საშუალება, წერის სისტემა, რომელიც შედგება ასოს, იეროგლიფის, ან სხვა სიმბოლოებისაგან. მისი საშუალებით შეიძლება ენაში შემავალი ყველა სიტყვის ჩაწერა. არსებობს ანბანური, მარცვლოვანი და იეროგლიფური დამწერლობა. |
| lexicalization | kat: დამწერლობა |
| lexicalization | kat: წერა |
| lexicalization | kat: დოკუმენტი |
| Korean | |
| has gloss | kor: 쓰기는 특정한 구문을 이용하여 의도적으로 무언가를 적는 것을 말한다. 인류가 시작하면서, 석판, 종이, 벽, 디스플레이에 이르기까지 여러 표면 위에 무언가를 적어왔다. 강의, 연설 등을 할 때 그 말을 받아 적는 것을 필기라고 하며, 작품을 쓰는 것을 집필, 또 글을 지어 책을 만드는 것을 저술이라고 한다. 이는 정보 전달이 목적인 글짓기와는 다르다. |
| lexicalization | kor: 쓰기 |
| Kölsch | |
| lexicalization | ksh: Boochshtabe |
| Latin | |
| has gloss | lat: Scriptura est ars scribendi, scilicet actus recordandi nuntios per modum oculorum ut ab aliis legantur. Differt a loquela quoniam lectoribus non opus est eodem tempore adesse. Scripturam legere possumus ab antiquitate et ab variis orbis terrarum partibus. Scriptura inter mirabilissimis inventionibus hominis manet. Inventa fuit postquam homines urbes incoluerunt et agriculturam exercere inceperunt. Scriptura circa 3300 a.C.n. in Medio Oriente orta est. |
| lexicalization | lat: Scripturae |
| lexicalization | lat: scriptura |
| Latvian | |
| has gloss | lav: Rakstība ir cilvēku savstarpējās komunikācijas sistēma ar ar redzamu zīmju palīdzību. Mūsdienās par rakstību tiek uzskatīta rakstu valoda. |
| lexicalization | lav: rakstība |
| Lithuanian | |
| has gloss | lit: Rašīms īr dėdliausē ėšplėtis bendros teksta ožkuodavėms ženklū sestėmuom ė anū ėšsauguojėms. |
| has gloss | lit: Rašymas - kalbos perteikimas teksto pavidalu, naudojant ženklų arba simbolių rinkinius, vadinamus rašto sistemomis. Eurazijoje rašymas atsirado dėl sąskaitybos poreikio. Maždaug IV amžiuje prieš Kristaus gimimą prekybos ir administravimo reikalai tapo sudėtingesni, todėl žmonėms reikėjo turėti daugiau informacijos, nei buvo įmanoma įsiminti ir rašymas pasirodė esąs patikimesnis būdas sandorių ilgalaikiam išlaikymui bei pateikimui. Mezoamerikoje rašymas tikriausiai atsirado iš kalendorių darymo ir politinės būtinybės išsaugoti informaciją apie istorinius įvykius. |
| lexicalization | lit: Rašymas |
| lexicalization | lit: Rašėms |
| Letzeburgesch | |
| lexicalization | ltz: Schreiwen |
| Malayalam | |
| lexicalization | mal: എഴുത്ത് |
| Macedonian | |
| lexicalization | mkd: Пишување |
| Malay (macrolanguage) | |
| has gloss | msa: Penulisan boleh merujuk kepada dua kegiatan: * menulis aksara pada perantara dengan tujuan untuk membentukkan perkataan dan gagasan yang lain yang mewakili bahasa atau maklumat tercatat; dan * penciptaan bahan-bahan yang disampaikan melalui bahasa tulisan. |
| lexicalization | msa: penulisan |
| Mirandese | |
| has gloss | mwl: La scrita ye ua tecnologie, criada i zambolbida storicamente nas sociadades houmanas, podendo ser globalmente caratelizada cumo la ocorréncia de marcas nun suporte. Mesmo que, habitualmente, la funçon central atribuída a la scrita seia la de registro de anformaçones, nun se puode negar sue relebáncia para la difuson de anformaçones i la custruçon de coincimientos. L abanço de las nuobas tecnologies i las anteraçones antre defrentes suportes (por eisemplo, papel, tela) i lhenguaiges (berbal ó nun berbal)ténen premitido, anclusibe, l aparecimiento de formas coletibas de custruçon de testos, cumo ye eisemplo la própia Biquipédia. |
| lexicalization | mwl: Scrita |
| Nahuatl languages | |
| lexicalization | nah: Tlahcuilōlli |
| Norwegian Nynorsk | |
| has gloss | nno: Skrift er eit samleomgrep brukt om teikn laga på ei flate som er meinte til å formidla språk. Ein kan laga skrift ved å teikna eller rissa ved hjelp av ein reiskap, som penn på papir eller griffel på ei tavle, eller ved å trykka ferdiglaga bokstavar, til dømes ved hjelp av ein skrivemaskin eller ein datamaskin. |
| lexicalization | nno: Skrift |
| Norwegian Bokmål | |
| lexicalization | nob: dokument |
| Norwegian | |
| has gloss | nor: Skriving er kunsten å formidle en tekst gjennom tegn og symboler. Skrift skiller seg fra bruk av bilder eller lyd for å formidle et budskap ved at det kreves lesekyndighet for å forstå teksten. Skriving ble først tatt i bruk i oldtidens Mesopotamia. |
| lexicalization | nor: Skrift |
| lexicalization | nor: Skriving |
| Occitan (post 1500) | |
| lexicalization | oci: Escritura |
| Ossetian | |
| lexicalization | oss: Фыссынад |
| Kapampangan | |
| lexicalization | pam: Talasulat |
| Iranian Persian | |
| lexicalization | pes: خط |
| Polish | |
| has gloss | pol: System pisma – sposób zapisu języka przy pomocy znaków graficznych. |
| lexicalization | pol: Pismo |
| lexicalization | pol: System pisma |
| lexicalization | pol: dokument |
| lexicalization | pol: pismo |
| Portuguese | |
| has gloss | por: A escrita é uma tecnologia de comunicação, criada e desenvolvida historicamente nas sociedades humanas, que consiste em marcas num suporte significando palavras ou ideias. |
| lexicalization | por: Escrita |
| lexicalization | por: documentos |
| Quechua | |
| has gloss | que: Qillqa nisqaqa ima qillqasqapas, qillqana panqapi (liwrupi, willay panqapi, chaski qillqapi icha huk willa ñiqipi, antañiqiqpi, siqisqa rikchakuna icha sanampakuna, willakunata, yachayta waqaychanapaq. |
| lexicalization | que: Qillqa |
| Moldavian | |
| has gloss | ron: Scrierea reprezintă metoda de conservare a cuvintelor vorbirii prin înregistrarea lor pe un suport, folosind anumite semne sau simboluri. Tot termenul scriere denumeşte şi textul astfel înregistrat. Astfel, scrierea se deosebeşte atît de picturile rupestre şi de pictură în general, cît şi de înregistrările audio, fotografice sau video. |
| lexicalization | ron: scriere |
| Russian | |
| has gloss | rus: Письмо́ — это всё то, что приводит к созданию надписи в целом. В Западной культуре под письмом чаще всего понимается только представление языка в текстовом виде с помощью набора знаков или символов (известных как письменность). При письме могут использоваться абстрактные символы, которые отображают фонетические элементы речи, как, например, в индоевропейских языках, либо могут использоваться упрощённые изображения объектов и понятий, как в восточноазиатской и древнеегипетский пиктографических письменных формах. Тем не менее, они отличаются от иллюстраций, таких как наскальные рисунки и живопись, а также от несимвольных способов хранения речи на нетекстовых носителях информации, например, на магнитных аудиокассетах. |
| lexicalization | rus: Письменность |
| lexicalization | rus: письмо |
| lexicalization | rus: письменность |
| lexicalization | rus: документ |
| Yakut | |
| has gloss | sah: Сурук диэн тылы бэлиэлэр нөҥүө тиэкис курдук көрдөрүү. |
| lexicalization | sah: сурук |
| Scots | |
| has gloss | sco: Media:Exemplar.oggScrievin is the airt or scartin merks ontae something whauras Writin is the act o recordin information on a medium so that it micht be read by ithers or at a later time. |
| lexicalization | sco: Scrievin |
| Slovak | |
| lexicalization | slk: Písmo |
| lexicalization | slk: dokument |
| Slovenian | |
| lexicalization | slv: Pisanje |
| lexicalization | slv: dokument |
| Castilian | |
| has gloss | spa: La escritura es un sistema de representación gráfica de una lengua, por medio de signos grabados o dibujados sobre un soporte plano. |
| lexicalization | spa: escritura |
| lexicalization | spa: documento |
| Serbian | |
| has gloss | srp: Писање је људска активност којом се на неком медијуму оставља траг у виду симбола (слова) из скупа унапред утврђених симбола (писма). Писање се разликује од цртања, сликања или снимања по томе што су симболи видљиви људском оку, строго дефинисани и могу се разликовати само по величини или дебљини. |
| lexicalization | srp: Писање |
| lexicalization | srp: dokumenat |
| lexicalization | srp: dokument |
| lexicalization | srp: докуменат |
| lexicalization | srp: документ |
| Swahili (macrolanguage) | |
| has gloss | swa: Maandishi (pia: mwandiko) ni tendo la kushika sauti za lugha kwa njia ya alama zinazoandikwa. |
| lexicalization | swa: maandishi |
| lexicalization | swa: Mwandiko |
| Swedish | |
| has gloss | swe: Skrivkonst kallas mänskliga kulturers förmåga att använda skrift. |
| lexicalization | swe: Skrivande |
| lexicalization | swe: Skrivkonst |
| Tamil | |
| has gloss | tam: எழுத்து (Writing) என்பது, ஒரு தொகுதி குறியீடுகளைப் பயன்படுத்தி மொழியை வரிவடிவில் வெளிப்படுத்துவதற்கான ஒரு முறையாகும். இக் குறியீடுகளின் தொகுதி எழுத்து முறைமை எனப்படுகிறது. இது, வரைதல்கள், ஓவியங்கள் போன்ற படவடிவங்களிலிருந்தும், மொழியைப் பதிவுசெய்யப் பயன்படும் காந்தநாடா போன்ற வரிவடிவம் அல்லாத பிற வடிவங்களிலிருந்தும் வேறுபடுகின்றது. கணக்கு வைத்துக் கொள்ளவேண்டிய தேவை காரணமாகவே "எழுத்து" தோன்றியது எனப்படுகிறது. கிமு நான்காம் நூற்றாண்டளவில் வணிகத்தினதும், நிர்வாகத்தினதும் சிக்கல்தன்மை, நினைவாற்றலின் வலுவையும் தாண்டி வளர்ந்தபோது எழுத்து, வணிகப் பரிவர்த்தனைகளைப் பதிவு செய்வதற்கான நம்பத்தகுந்த ஒரு நிரந்தர வடிவமாக உருவானது. |
| lexicalization | tam: எழுத்து |
| Tagalog | |
| has gloss | tgl: Ang pagsusulat ay isang paglalarawan ng wika sa tekstuwal na tagapamagitan sa pamamagitan ng paggamit ng isang pangkat ng mga tanda o sagisag (kilala bilang sistema ng pagsusulat). Iniiba ito sa larawang-guhit, katulad ng mga larawang-guhit sa yungib at pinta, at ang pagtatala ng wika sa pamamagitan ng hindi-tekstuwal na tagapamagitan katulad ng magnetikong teyp na awdyo. |
| lexicalization | tgl: Pagsulat |
| lexicalization | tgl: pagsusulat |
| Thai | |
| has gloss | tha: การเขียน คือ การสื่อสารชนิดหนึ่งของมนุษย์ที่ต้องอาศัยความพยายามและฝึกฝน การเขียนเป็นการแสดงความรู้ ความคิด ความรู้สึก ความต้องการ เป็นลายลักษณ์อักษร เพื่อให้ผู้รับสารสามารถอ่านได้เข้าใจ ได้ทราบความรู้ ความคิด ความรู้สึก ความต้องการ แล้วสามารถนำมาบอกบอกต่อกับบุคคงอื่นให้ได้ความรู้ที่ผู้รับสารได้รับ เครื่องมือในการเขียน ดินสอ ปากกา สี ภู่กันจีน กระดาษ กระดาน ฯลฯ การเขียนจะต้องเขียนเป็นภาษาต่างๆ หรือ อาจเขียนเป็นภาษาเดียวหรือหลายภาษาก็ได้ ตามแล้วแต่ถนัด ประเภทของการเขียน |
| lexicalization | tha: การเขียน |
| Turkish | |
| has gloss | tur: Yazı, söylenen sözcüklerin kayda geçirilmesi yöntemi ve bu esnada kullanılan semboller bütünü. Çoğu uzmana göre insanlık tarihinin en önemli buluşu olan yazının, ilk olarak M.Ö. 3500 yıllarında Sümer rahipleri tarafından kullanıldığı bilinmektedir. Yumuşak kil üzerine sivriltilmiş uçlu kamış parçaları ile şekiller çizilerek gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kullanılan kil tabletin kızgın fırınlarda pişirilmesi ile ise kalıcı yazı elde edilmiştir. |
| lexicalization | tur: yazı |
| Ukrainian | |
| has gloss | ukr: Писе́мність — * засіб передачі людської мови за допомогою знаків; див. алфавіт, абетка, ієрогліфіка, клинопис. Останні два види писемності використовували піктограми (ідеографічне письмо) і фонетичні символи, розташовані поруч. Так влаштована сучасна китайська писемність. Складове письмо, наприклад, японське, виникло з постійного використання знака для представлення звучання короткого слова. Найдавніші пам'ятки писемності — записи віком близько 8 тис. років, виявлені на кістках тваринах і панцирах черепах у провінції Хенань, Китай, в неолітичному поселенні. Їх вважають першими знаками писемності, на 2,5 тис. років древнішими, ніж клинописні записи знайдені в Месопотамії (біля 3,5 тис. до н. е.). |
| lexicalization | ukr: писемність |
| lexicalization | ukr: Письмо |
| Urdu | |
| lexicalization | urd: تحریر |
| Vietnamese | |
| has gloss | vie: Chữ viết là hệ thống các ký hiệu để ghi lại ngôn ngữ theo dạng văn bản, là sự miêu tả ngôn ngữ thông qua việc sử dụng các ký hiệu hay các biểu tượng. Nó phân biệt với sự minh họa như các phác họa trong hang động hay các tranh vẽ, đây là các dạng ghi lại ngôn ngữ theo các phương tiện truyền đạt phi văn bản, ví dụ như các băng từ tính trong các đĩa âm thanh. Chữ viết có quan hệ mật thiết với ngôn ngữ nhưng không đồng nhất với ngôn ngữ. Người ta có thể không biết chữ nhưng vẫn có ngôn ngữ để giao tiếp. Nhiều dân tộc có ngôn ngữ riêng nhưng vẫn chưa có chữ viết. |
| lexicalization | vie: chữ viết |
| Vlaams | |
| lexicalization | vls: Schrift |
| Võro | |
| has gloss | vro: Kirotaminõ om keelelidse sõnomi edesiandminõ teksti kujol, midä saa nätäq vai kumpiq. Tuu jaos tarvitõdas kirja - kirätähti ja kirävaihõmärke. |
| lexicalization | vro: Kirotaminõ |
| Waray (Philippines) | |
| has gloss | war: An panurat amo an pagbutang hin tigaman o agi han mga gusto ipasabot para mabasa ngan mapasamwak ha iba, ha tiarabot nga panahon. |
| lexicalization | war: Panurat |
| Walloon | |
| has gloss | wln: On scrijhaedje, c est ene sacwè k est scrît, et ki serè léjhou. |
| lexicalization | wln: sicrijhaedje |
| Yiddish | |
| has gloss | yid: צו מיינט איר הילף:שרייבן? אדער צו מיינט איר א באשרייבונג? שרייבן איז די קונסט אראפצולייגן ווערטער, סימבאלן, נומערן, אותיות און זאצן, דורך די פינגער צי דורך א פען אויפן פאפיר אדער קלאוויאטור טייפן אויף א קאמפיוטער, וואס מ'וויל קאמוניקירן נישט דורכן מויל. |
| lexicalization | yid: שרייבן |
| Yue Chinese | |
| lexicalization | yue: 文字 |
| Chinese | |
| has gloss | zho: 寫作是人類有意識地使用語言和文字來紀錄資訊、表达意向。紀錄資訊的工具和方法數之不盡，一般會用筆在紙上寫作，但過去也有人在石版、竹簡、龜殼、牆壁等材質上寫作。隨着科技發展，使用打字機或電腦記錄文字也可稱為寫作。 |
| lexicalization | zho: 书面语 |
| lexicalization | zho: 寫作 |
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