| Information | |
|---|---|
| has gloss | (noun) the act of expelling a person from their native land; "men in exile dream of hope"; "his deportation to a penal colony"; "the expatriation of wealthy farmers"; "the sentence was one of transportation for life" deportation, expatriation, exile, transportation |
| has gloss | eng: Exile means being sent away from the country or area where you live. People are usually exiled for political reasons or sometimes because they have committed a crime. They may have said bad things about the rulers in that country or tried to get into power themselves. People are not exiled in democratic countries, but many famous people in history have been sent into exile. |
| has gloss | eng: Exile means to be away from one's home (i.e. city, state or country), while either being explicitly refused permission to return and/or being threatened by prison or death upon return. It can be a form of punishment. |
| lexicalization | eng: deportation |
| lexicalization | eng: exile |
| lexicalization | eng: expatriation |
| lexicalization | eng: transportation |
| subclass of | (noun) rejection by means of an act of banishing or proscribing someone banishment, proscription |
| has instance | (noun) the deportation of the Jews to Babylonia by Nebuchadnezzar in 586 BC Babylonian Captivity |
| Meaning | |
|---|---|
| Old English (ca. 450-1100) | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | ang: wræc |
| Arabic | |
| has gloss | ara: المنفى هو الاقتلاع القسري لشخص من وطنه. يعتبر التهجير عقابا خطيرا للغاية وكان يُستخدم في كثير من الأحيان، حتى القرن العشرين، كبديل لعقوبة الإعدام. |
| lexicalization | ara: منفى |
| Aragonese | |
| lexicalization | arg: deportación |
| Asturian | |
| lexicalization | ast: deportación |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | ast: esiliu |
| lexicalization | ast: exiliu |
| Bavarian | |
| lexicalization | bar: Exil |
| Bulgarian | |
| lexicalization | bul: изгнание |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | bul: депортиране |
| lexicalization | bul: изселване |
| Catalan | |
| has gloss | cat: Exili és el fet dabandonar, voluntàriament o per força el territori dun estat. Generalment obeeix a motivacions polítiques. |
| lexicalization | cat: exili |
| lexicalization | cat: deportació |
| lexicalization | cat: expatriació |
| Czech | |
| has gloss | ces: Exil (z lat. exilium, vyhnanství a exul, vypovězený) znamenal původně trest vypovězení, dnes znamená stav člověka nebo skupiny exulantů, lidí, kteří museli opustit svou vlast v důsledku vypovězení, vyhnání, deportace, ztráty občanství nebo aby unikli politickému, národnostnímu, rasovému nebo náboženskému pronásledování. |
| lexicalization | ces: vyhnanství |
| lexicalization | ces: exil |
| lexicalization | ces: deportace |
| lexicalization | ces: vyhoštění |
| Mandarin Chinese | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | cmn: liú fang |
| lexicalization | cmn: 流放 |
| lexicalization | cmn: 驅逐出境 |
| lexicalization | cmn: 驱逐出境 |
| lexicalization | cmn: 驅逐 |
| lexicalization | cmn: 驱逐 |
| Welsh | |
| lexicalization | cym: alltudiaeth |
| Danish | |
| has gloss | dan: At være i eksil betyder at man er i landflygtighed eller landsforvist, enten fordi man forbydes at rejse tilbage eller risikerer at blive fængslet eller retsforfulgt, hvis man vender tilbage. |
| lexicalization | dan: eksil |
| lexicalization | dan: Eksil |
| German | |
| has gloss | deu: Der Begriff Exil (lateinisch Exilium, zu ex(s)ul = in der Fremde weilend, verbannt) bezeichnet die Abwesenheit eines Menschen oder einer Volksgruppe aus der eigenen Heimat, die aufgrund von Ausweisung, Verbannung, Vertreibung, Ausbürgerung, Zwangsumsiedlung, religiöser oder politischer Verfolgung sowie unerträglicher Verhältnisse im Heimatland mit anschließender Auswanderung hervorgerufen wurde. Das Exil ist daher meist mit Einschränkungen der freien Entfaltung des Individuums am ursprünglichen Aufenthaltsort verbunden. Im Gegensatz zur Deportation finden am neu gewählten Zielort jedoch keine weiteren Freiheitsbeschränkungen durch den für das Exil verantwortlichen Staat statt. |
| lexicalization | deu: Verbannung |
| lexicalization | deu: Exil |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | deu: Abschiebung |
| lexicalization | deu: Deportation |
| lexicalization | deu: Abschiebung <Ausweisung> |
| lexicalization | deu: Ausweisung |
| Modern Greek (1453-) | |
| has gloss | ell: Εξορία ή εκτόπιση ονομάζεται η απομάκρυνση, εν είδει ποινής, κάποιου από την περιοχή ή το κράτος στο οποίο μένει, χωρίς να επιτρέπεται να επιστρέψει, η ζωή έξω από τα όρια της πατρίδας. |
| lexicalization | ell: εξορία |
| Esperanto | |
| has gloss | epo: Ekzilo estas oficiala forigo de persono el ties hejmlando, kun malpermeso reveni. La verbo ekzili signifas forsendi en tiu senco. |
| lexicalization | epo: ekzilo |
| lexicalization | epo: Ekzilo |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | epo: deportado |
| lexicalization | epo: deporto |
| lexicalization | epo: punekzilo |
| Estonian | |
| has gloss | est: Eksiil ehk maapagu on poliitilistel või majanduslikel põhjustel vabatahtliku valikuna või sunnitud eemal viibimine oma kodumaast. |
| lexicalization | est: Eksiil |
| Basque | |
| lexicalization | eus: erbeste |
| Finnish | |
| lexicalization | fin: maastakarkotus |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | fin: maanpako |
| French | |
| has gloss | fra: L’exil est létat (social, psychologique, politique...) dune personne, lexilé, qui, volontairement ou non, a quitté sa patrie, sous la contrainte dun bannissement ou dune déportation, limpossibilité de survivre ou la menace dune persécution, et de ce fait vit dans un pays étranger avec ce que cela implique de contraintes sociales spécifiques (langue, insertion, identité...) et de sentiment déloignement de la patrie (nostalgie, déracinement...). |
| lexicalization | fra: bannissement |
| lexicalization | fra: exile |
| lexicalization | fra: exil |
| lexicalization | fra: Exil |
| lexicalization | fra: déportation |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | fra: transportation |
| Gaelic | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | gla: fògairt |
| lexicalization | gla: fògradh |
| Galician | |
| has gloss | glg: O exilio é o estado de estar obrigadamente lonxe da propia terra (xa sexa cidade ou nación) e pode definirse como a expatriación, voluntaria ou forzada, dun individuo. Algúns autores utilizan o termo "exiliado" co sentido de "refuxiado". |
| lexicalization | glg: exilio |
| lexicalization | glg: deportación |
| Ancient Greek (to 1453) | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | grc: φυγή |
| Haitian | |
| lexicalization | hat: depòtasyon |
| Serbo-Croatian | |
| has gloss | hbs: Egzil, progonstvo ili izgnanstvo je riječ koja u najširem značenju označava nečije dugotrajno prisilno odsutstvo iz rodne zajednice, sela, grada, države i sl. |
| lexicalization | hbs: egzil |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | hbs: izgnanstvo |
| lexicalization | hbs: изгнанство |
| Hebrew | |
| lexicalization | heb: גירוש |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | heb: הגליה |
| Croatian | |
| has gloss | hrv: Progonstvo ili posuđenica egzil (iz latinskog Exilium = u stranu zemlju prognani) označuje odsustvo osobe ili skupine naroda iz vlastite domovine iz razloga progona ili protjerivana od strane države ili zbog nepodnošljivih uvjeta za život u njihovoj zemlji koje prouzročuje iseljavanje. |
| lexicalization | hrv: progonstvo |
| lexicalization | hrv: izgnanstvo |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | hrv: protjerivanje |
| lexicalization | hrv: deportacija |
| Hungarian | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | hun: deportálás |
| Armenian | |
| lexicalization | hye: վտարում |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | hye: աքսորում |
| Indonesian | |
| has gloss | ind: Pengasingan adalah sebuah bentuk hukuman. Hukuman ini adalah hukuman yang membawa orang yang dihukum jauh dari rumahnya, dan dibuang di tempat lain. Orang yang mengasingkan diri dengan sengaja keluar dari negaranya dan berdiam di negara lain, biasanya untuk melindungi dirinya dari ancaman. |
| lexicalization | ind: Pengasingan |
| Italian | |
| has gloss | ita: Essere in esilio significa stare lontano dalla propria casa (vale a dire città, stato o nazione) a causa dell'esplicito rifiuto del permesso di farvi ritorno, o sotto la minaccia di essere imprigionato o giustiziato in caso di ritorno. |
| lexicalization | ita: esilio |
| lexicalization | ita: deportazione |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | ita: bandisco |
| Japanese | |
| has gloss | jpn: 流罪（るざい）とは刑罰の一つで、罪人を辺地や離島に送る追放刑である。流刑（りゅうけい、るけい）、配流（はいる）ともいう。とくに流刑地が離島の場合には島流し（しまながし）とも呼ばれる事もある。現在、先進民主主義国において流罪は絶対的不定期刑に該当するとして罪刑法定主義という近代刑法原則の派生原理から禁止されている。 |
| lexicalization | jpn: 流罪 |
| lexicalization | jpn: 追放 |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | jpn: 亡命 |
| Korean | |
| has gloss | kor: 유배(流配)는 죄인을 먼 곳으로 추방하는 것을 말한다. |
| lexicalization | kor: 유배 |
| lexicalization | kor: 추방 |
| Latin | |
| lexicalization | lat: deportatio |
| Lithuanian | |
| has gloss | lit: Tremtis yra bausmės forma, kai asmuo prievarta iškeldinamas iš savo namų (miesto, valstybės ar šalies) draudžiant sugrįžti arba gresiant įkalinimo ar mirties bausmei grįžimo atveju. Tai viena iš griežčiausių bausmės formų. |
| lexicalization | lit: ištrėmimas |
| lexicalization | lit: Tremtis |
| Macedonian | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | mkd: депортација |
| lexicalization | mkd: депортирање |
| Dutch | |
| has gloss | nld: Verbanning of ballingschap is het bij wijze van straf verwijderen van iemand uit de maatschappij. Wie veroordeeld wordt tot ballingschap wordt een balling of banneling genoemd. Verbanning kan variëren van een verbod op blijven op de oorspronkelijke locatie tot gedwongen verhuizing naar een (meestal afgelegen) andere locatie. Die locatie wordt dan het ballingsoord genoemd. |
| lexicalization | nld: verbanning |
| lexicalization | nld: Ballingschap |
| lexicalization | nld: Verbanning |
| lexicalization | nld: ballingschap |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | nld: uitzetting |
| lexicalization | nld: verdrijving |
| lexicalization | nld: wegjaging |
| lexicalization | nld: uitwijzing |
| Norwegian Nynorsk | |
| has gloss | nno: Eksil, utlegd eller landflyktigheit er det å leva utanfor heimlandet sitt. Omgrepa blir ofte brukt om dei som er tvungne til å forlata landet, anten fordi dei er dømde til det som straff eller fordi dei sjølv meiner dei ikkje kan vera trygge der. |
| lexicalization | nno: eksil |
| Norwegian Bokmål | |
| lexicalization | nob: landsforvisning |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | nob: landflyktighet |
| Norwegian | |
| has gloss | nor: Eksil, utlendighet eller landflyktighet er det å leve utenfor hjemlandet sitt. Begrepa blir ofte brukt om dem som er tvunget til å forlate landet, enten fordi de er dømt til det eller fordi de ikke er trygge der. |
| lexicalization | nor: eksil |
| lexicalization | nor: landsforvisning |
| lexicalization | nor: deportasjon |
| Occitan (post 1500) | |
| has gloss | oci: Lexili , sonat tanben faidiment o despatriament es una pena impausada pels estats, generalament per de rasons politicas. Per levolucion dau drech, uèi lexili simpausa rarament, e lo país receptor accepta pas eventualament l'exiliat. |
| lexicalization | oci: Exili |
| lexicalization | oci: deportacion |
| lexicalization | oci: exilh |
| Polish | |
| has gloss | pol: Banicja (łac. bannitio, od bannire - skazać na wygnanie) - ogłoszone wygnanie z ojczyzny. Skazany na taką karę to banita. |
| lexicalization | pol: banicja |
| lexicalization | pol: Emigracja |
| lexicalization | pol: deportacja |
| Portuguese | |
| has gloss | por: O exílio (do latim exilium banimento, degredo) é o estado de estar longe da própria casa (seja cidade ou nação) e pode ser definido como a expatriação, voluntária ou forçada de um indivíduo. Também pode-se utilizar as palavras, banimento, desterro ou degredo. Alguns autores utilizam o termo exilado no sentido de refugiado. |
| lexicalization | por: exílio |
| lexicalization | por: deportação |
| Moldavian | |
| has gloss | ron: Exilul este o formă de pedepsire prin care o persoană (sau un grup de persoane) este forţată să-si părăsească căminul, sau o măsură prin care i se interzice întoarcerea acasă sub ameninţarea închisorii sau a pedepsei cu moartea. |
| lexicalization | ron: exil |
| lexicalization | ron: deportare |
| Russian | |
| has gloss | rus: Изгнание — вид наказания, заключающийся в запрете находиться на месте обычного проживания (в городе, области, государстве) под страхом тюремного заключения или казни. |
| lexicalization | rus: изгнание |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | rus: высылка |
| lexicalization | rus: депортация |
| Slovak | |
| has gloss | slk: Exil je nútené zdržovanie sa v cudzine, vyhnanstvo. |
| lexicalization | slk: Exil |
| Slovenian | |
| lexicalization | slv: deportacija |
| Castilian | |
| has gloss | spa: El exilio es el estado de encontrarse lejos del lugar natural (ya sea ciudad o nación) y puede definirse como la expatriación, voluntaria o forzada, de un individuo. Algunos autores utilizan el término “exiliado” con el sentido de “refugiado”. Aunque el exilio por antonomasia es ese desplazamiento fuera del país, también se habla de un «exilio interior» respecto a personas que se ven obligadas a reasentarse dentro del propio país de residencia (deportaciones) o bien que, estando en el mismo, se ven cortadas sus posibilidades de actuaciones a través de prohibiciones de desarrollar sus actividades (generalmente literarias o artísticas) o de manifestar públicamente la disensión respecto al régimen. |
| lexicalization | spa: exilio |
| lexicalization | spa: deportación |
| lexicalization | spa: expatriación |
| lexicalization | spa: Exilio |
| Swedish | |
| has gloss | swe: Exil, från lat. exilium, på svenska landsflykt, är ett begrepp som betecknar det förhållandet att en person bor utanför sitt eget land, men utan att ha släppt sin identifikation med landet. Personen som befinner sig i exil, exilanten, kan ha tvingats i landsflykt på grund av social, politisk eller religiös förföljelse. Exilen medför ofrivillig förlust av språklig, social och kulturell samhörighet och förankring. I många länder har exilanter möjlighet att ansöka om asyl som ska skydda dem mot att utvisas tillbaka till det land som de flytt ifrån och som kan hota deras rättssäkerhet. |
| lexicalization | swe: exil |
| lexicalization | swe: utvisning |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | swe: landsflykt |
| Thai | |
| lexicalization | tha: การเนรเทศ |
| Turkish | |
| has gloss | tur: Sürgün (hukuktaki anlamı): Ceza olarak belli bir yerin dışında veya belli bir yerde oturtmak; zorunlu göç |
| lexicalization | tur: Sürgün |
| lexicalization | tur: sürgün |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | tur: sýnýrdýþý |
| Ukrainian | |
| has gloss | ukr: Вигнання, також Баніція — покарання, що полягає в оголошенні людини поза законом, засудженні її на вигнання. |
| lexicalization | ukr: Вигнання |
| lexicalization | ukr: заслання |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | ukr: висилка |
| Vietnamese | |
| has gloss | vie: Lưu đày là một cách hành xử những người vi phạm pháp luật (tùy theo mức độ vi phạm; thường áp dụng ở thời xưa) đến một nơi khác, hoang vắng trong một thời gian nhất định để cải tạo. |
| lexicalization | vie: Lưu đày |
| Volapük | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | vol: xiläb |
| lexicalization | vol: xil |
| Chinese | |
| has gloss | zho: 流亡或逃亡，指任何人或團體，因為自然災害、受到侵略、迫害或其他負面因素而離開出生或定居的國家、地區。流亡未必指在國外流亡，如唐玄宗幸蜀，也可以稱做流亡。強迫他人流亡的刑罰稱為流放。 |
| lexicalization | zho: 流亡 |
| Links | |
|---|---|
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| similar | e/Exile |
| Media | |
|---|---|
| media:img | Dante exile.jpg |
| media:img | Stalin in exile 1915.jpg |
| media:img | SurikovMenshikovBerezovo.jpg |
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