| Information | |
|---|---|
| has gloss | (noun) a painful emotion resulting from an awareness of inadequacy or guilt shame |
| has gloss | eng: Shame is an emotion. Shame is rooted in a social or cultural environment. Some people feel shame when some of the rules (that are accepted by the respective society) have been broken. A person can feel ashamed because he or she has thought or done something no one else knows about. Children are often told to be ashamed of something, because they sometimes have trouble telling cause and effect apart. When they grow up, they can better tell the two apart. At that stage, the feeling of guilt becomes stronger. |
| has gloss | eng: Shame is, variously, an affect, emotion, cognition, state, or condition. The roots of the word shame are thought to derive from an older word meaning to cover; as such, covering oneself, literally or figuratively, is a natural expression of shame. |
| lexicalization | eng: shame |
| subclass of | (noun) the experiencing of affective and emotional states; "she had a feeling of euphoria"; "he had terrible feelings of guilt"; "I disliked him and the feeling was mutual" feeling |
| has subclass | (noun) a feeling of shame when you do something immoral; "he has no conscience about his cruelty" conscience |
| has subclass | (noun) shame resulting from strong dislike of yourself or your actions self-hatred, self-disgust |
| has subclass | (noun) the shame you feel when your inadequacy or guilt is made public embarrassment |
| Meaning | |
|---|---|
| Afrikaans | |
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| lexicalization | afr: beskaamdheid |
| Old English (ca. 450-1100) | |
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| lexicalization | ang: scamu |
| Arabic | |
| has gloss | ara: الخجل هو شعور بشري، يشعر بالإهانة، الخزي، أو الاتهام، الخجل الحقيقي يكون مصاحباً للإهانة حقيقية أو اتهام حقيقي ،أما الخجل الزائف هو شعور زائف بدون أسباب حقيقية.كما أطلق عليه أنه "العاطفة التي تخبرنا أننا لا شيء". يسيطر الخجل على الإنسان في درجات مختلفة منهاما هو طفيف ومنها ما هو كبير إلى درجة يشل فيها الإنسان ويفقده دوره الفعال في الحياة الإجتماعية. |
| lexicalization | ara: خجل |
| Aymara | |
| has gloss | aym: Phinq'a , jaxsaraña, janiwa walikiti jani sasiñataki. |
| lexicalization | aym: Phinq'a |
| Breton | |
| has gloss | bre: Mezh a vez en unan bennak e daou zegouezh peurvuiañ: *pa vez graet goap outañ, met dreist-holl dirak tud all, *pa gred en deus graet un dra fall e-keñver e vetoù, e gredennoù, a-enep e dalvoudoù (politikel, relijiel) pe re ar gevredigezh. |
| lexicalization | bre: mezh |
| Bulgarian | |
| has gloss | bul: Срамът е субективно преживяване, предизвикано от ниска оценка на собственото поведение в дадена обективна ситуация. Срамът може да е както ситуативен, така и да присъства като трайна нагласа при интерпретация на реалността и поведението на индивида. Съществува и т.нар. пренесен срам - в конкретна ситуация човек може да изпита срам не от собствените си действия и поведение, а от тези на други хора, които оценяват поведението си като адекватно. Честите прояви на срам обикновено са следствие от ниска самооценка и са съпроводени от притеснителност, потиснатост, затвореност и избягване на социални контакти. Причините за срама могат да се търсят както в личностовата специфика, така и в характеристиките на социума. За разлика от притеснителността, срамът е ситуативно обвързан. |
| lexicalization | bul: срам |
| Catalan | |
| has gloss | cat: La vergonya és un sentiment que pot aparèixer quan es transgredeixen les normes socials o familiars. La seva expressió sol acompanyar-se de signes físics i d'actituds, com poden ser un enrogiment de galtes o una actitud postural amb la mirada dirigida cap avall. |
| lexicalization | cat: vergonya |
| Czech | |
| has gloss | ces: Stud je obrana vlastní intimity, varování před tím, co by ji mohlo narušit (ostych), anebo aktuální pocit zahanbení před sebou samým, nad vlastní nedostatečností (hanba). Stud je psychofyzický a často mimovolný jev, který se může projevit zrudnutím ve tváři, kdežto české „stud“ naopak naznačuje souvislost s pocitem chladu a zimy. Fyziologické souvislosti studu nejsou zatím prozkoumány. Jako takový není stud důsledkem mravní výchovy, nýbrž spíše předpokladem skutečné mravnosti. Výchova může ovlivnit rozsah a způsoby projevování studu, může je usměrňovat, podporovat nebo potlačovat, stud sám však není produktem výchovy. |
| lexicalization | ces: stud |
| Chechen | |
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| lexicalization | che: эхь |
| Church Slavic | |
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| lexicalization | chu: срамота |
| lexicalization | chu: срамъ |
| lexicalization | chu: стѹдъ |
| lexicalization | chu: ⰔⰓⰀⰏⰟ |
| Mandarin Chinese | |
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| lexicalization | cmn: xiū chi |
| lexicalization | cmn: 羞恥 |
| lexicalization | cmn: 羞耻 |
| Danish | |
| has gloss | dan: Skam (låneord fra tysk Scham af gammelhøjtysk scama. Ordet betød oprindeligt "skamfølelse", men også "beskæmmelse" og "skændighed") er det man føler, hvis man oplever at ens ære er krænket. Skam er altså en reaktion på handlinger eller udtalelser, som berører det hos én, som ikke tåler skade. Dette kan være mange forskellige ting fra samfund til samfund, fra kultur til kultur, men fælles er det, at skamfølelsen opstår, når centrale værdier i samfundet bliver truet. Det være sig udefra, fra andre i samme samfund eller fra én selv. |
| lexicalization | dan: skam |
| German | |
| has gloss | deu: Scham ist ein Gefühl der Verlegenheit oder der Bloßstellung, das sowohl durch Verletzung der Intimsphäre auftreten als auch auf dem Bewusstsein beruhen kann, durch unehrenhafte, unanständige oder erfolglose Handlungen sozialen Erwartungen oder Normen nicht entsprochen zu haben. Das Schamgefühl ist häufig von vegetativen Erscheinungen wie Erröten oder Herzklopfen (Palpitation) begleitet und kann durch typische Reaktionen wie das Senken des Blickes ausgedrückt werden. Die Intensität der Empfindung reicht von der flüchtigen Anwandlung bis zur tiefsten Beklommenheit und geradezu tödlichen Scham. |
| lexicalization | deu: Schamgefühl |
| Esperanto | |
| has gloss | epo: Honto laŭ PIV estas # la malagrabla sento, pro konscio pri malhonora, malbona, maldeca ago respektive penso, aŭ # io, pri kio oni devas aŭ devus honti. |
| lexicalization | epo: honto |
| Estonian | |
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| lexicalization | est: häbi |
| Basque | |
| lexicalization | eus: lotsa |
| Persian | |
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| lexicalization | fas: شرم |
| Finnish | |
| has gloss | fin: Häpeä on yksi ihmisen tunteista. |
| lexicalization | fin: häpeä |
| French | |
| has gloss | fra: La honte est une émotion complexe. À la différence des autres émotions, elle se distingue par sa dimension sociale, secrète, narcissique, corporelle et spirituelle. La honte a des aspects positifs et négatifs. Elle est différente de la culpabilité (même si elle est parfois définie comme la version sociale de la culpabilité) et de la peur (même si elle apparaît dans la phobie sociale). |
| lexicalization | fra: honte |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | fra: pudeur |
| lexicalization | fra: vergogne |
| Irish | |
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| lexicalization | gle: díomas |
| lexicalization | gle: náire |
| Galician | |
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| lexicalization | glg: vergonza |
| Hebrew | |
| has gloss | heb: בושה היא תחושה שלילית המתעוררת באדם וכרוכה באי נעימות מפני הזולת. הבושה קשורה לדפוסי חשיבה מסוימים ולתגובות פיזיולוגיות אופייניות - כגון הסמקה וגמגום. |
| lexicalization | heb: בושה |
| Hindi | |
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| lexicalization | hin: शर्म |
| Ido | |
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| lexicalization | ido: shamo |
| Icelandic | |
| has gloss | isl: Skömm er geðshræring sem stafar af vitund manns um það að vegið sé að heiðri manns. Raunveruleg skömm stafar af því að raunverulega er vegið að heiðri manns en fólk finnur einnig til skammar vegna þess að það heldur að vegið sé að heiðri sínum. |
| lexicalization | isl: Skömm |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | isl: blygðun |
| lexicalization | isl: hneisa |
| lexicalization | isl: háðung |
| lexicalization | isl: smán |
| lexicalization | isl: svívirða |
| lexicalization | isl: vansi |
| lexicalization | isl: vansæmd |
| Italian | |
| lexicalization | ita: vergogna |
| Japanese | |
| has gloss | jpn: 羞恥心（しゅうちしん）は、自らを恥ずかしいと感じる心。 |
| lexicalization | jpn: 羞恥心 |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | jpn: 恥 |
| lexicalization | jpn: 面汚し |
| Kazakh | |
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| lexicalization | kaz: ұят |
| Korean | |
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| lexicalization | kor: 부끄럼 |
| lexicalization | kor: 창피한 일 |
| Kurdish | |
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| lexicalization | kur: شهرم |
| lexicalization | kur: شوورهیی |
| lexicalization | kur: عهیب |
| Lithuanian | |
| has gloss | lit: Sarmata – stėpros emuocėnis ėšgīvenėms, katron sukel vėišuosės nūmuonės ėr sāžėnės vertėnėmā. Savuokas prīšībė – begiedėškoms. Artėmas savuokas – apmauds, drovoms. |
| has gloss | lit: Gėda – moralinis jausmas, kuris atsiranda dėl paties žmogaus ar jam artimų žmonių netinkamo moralinio elgesio. Poelgių, sukeliančių gėdą, turinys kinta priklausomai nuo visuomenės aprobuotų dorovės normų. Gėda išgyvenama kaip kankinantis neramumas, nepasitenkinimas savimi, apgailestavimas dėl netinkamo elgesio ar jo smerkimas. Išgyvenimai paprastai atsispindi žmogaus išorėje – nukreipiamos akys, parausta veidas, pakinta odos spalva. |
| lexicalization | lit: Gėda |
| lexicalization | lit: sarmata |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | lit: gėda |
| Letzeburgesch | |
| has gloss | ltz: DSchimmt ass eng psychosozial Emotioun, bei där dAngscht, vun enger Grupp net unerkannt an ugeholl ze ginn, am Mëttelpunkt steet. D'Adjektiv ass am Lëtzebuergesche schimmech. |
| lexicalization | ltz: Schimmt |
| Meru | |
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| lexicalization | mer: aibu |
| Dutch | |
| has gloss | nld: Schaamte is een psychosociale emotie waarbij de angst om niet door de groep geaccepteerd te worden centraal staat. Schaamte is daarmee een sterk cultureel bepaald fenomeen. |
| lexicalization | nld: schaamte |
| Norwegian Bokmål | |
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| lexicalization | nob: synd |
| Norwegian | |
| has gloss | nor: Skam er følelse av bevisstheten eller forståelsen av vanære, unåde eller fordømmelse. Skam er et låneord fra tysk Scham av gammelhøytysk scama, som oprinnelig betød skamfølelse, beskjemmelse eller skjendighet. Ordet anses bety å tildekke seg selv. |
| lexicalization | nor: skam |
| Occitan (post 1500) | |
| lexicalization | oci: vergonha |
| Polish | |
| has gloss | pol: Wstyd jest zjawiskiem złożonym, jest to coś więcej niż uczucie. To zespół reakcji organizmu (np. rumieniec), połączony z możliwym do przewidzenia działaniem (ukrycie się), przykrymi myślami („Jestem głupi”, „Co ona sobie o mnie pomyśli”). |
| lexicalization | pol: wstyd |
| Portuguese | |
| has gloss | por: Vergonha é uma condição psicológica e uma forma de controle religioso, político, judicial e social, consistindo de idéias, estados emocionais, estados fisiológicos e um conjunto de comportamentos, induzidos pelo conhecimento ou consciência de desonra, desgraça ou condenação. O terapeuta John Bradshaw conceitua a vergonha como a "emoção que nos deixa saber que somos finitos". |
| lexicalization | por: vergonha |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | por: cruzes |
| Quechua | |
| has gloss | que: Pinqa, Pinqakuy nisqaqa mana allin kawllaymi (llakusim). |
| lexicalization | que: P'inqa |
| Moldavian | |
| lexicalization | ron: rușine |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | ron: ruşine |
| Russian | |
| has gloss | rus: Стыд — отрицательно окрашенное чувство, объектом которого является какой-либо поступок или качество субъекта. Стыд связан с ощущением социальной неприемлемости того, за что стыдно. |
| lexicalization | rus: стыд |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | rus: стыди |
| Sicilian | |
| has gloss | scn: La virgogna è nu sintimentu di prufunnu trubbamentu e di murtificazzioni, ca diriva dâ cunzapivulizza ca nattu, nu cumpurtamentu, nu discursu, ecc., propi o macari di làutri sunnu disanurèvuli o scumminenti. |
| lexicalization | scn: Virgogna |
| Slovak | |
| has gloss | slk: ::Stud môže byť aj hanblivosť. Stud alebo pocit hanby alebo hanba alebo pocit zahanbenia je (negatívny) pocit pri uvedomení si nesprávneho, zlého konania alebo nejakého iného osobného nedostatku. |
| lexicalization | slk: stud |
| Castilian | |
| has gloss | spa: La vergüenza (también llamada pena en México, algunos países centroamericanos y caribeños ) es una sensación humana, de conocimiento consciente de deshonor, desgracia, o condenación. El terapeuta John Bradshaw llama a la vergüenza "la emoción que nos hace saber que somos finitos". La vergüenza (o más bien el miedo a ser avergonzado), puede llevar a actitudes prejuiciosas, como la homofobia. |
| lexicalization | spa: Verguenza |
| lexicalization | spa: Vergüenza |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | spa: uf |
| lexicalization | spa: pudor |
| Albanian | |
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| lexicalization | sqi: turp |
| Swahili (macrolanguage) | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | swa: aibu |
| lexicalization | swa: fedheha |
| lexicalization | swa: soni |
| Swedish | |
| has gloss | swe: Skam, till skillnad från att skämmas, är en djupt rotad känsla av att inte vara älskad eller duga till. |
| lexicalization | swe: skam |
| Telugu | |
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| lexicalization | tel: సిగ్గు |
| Thai | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | tha: เรื่องที่ทำให้เสียใจ |
| lexicalization | tha: ความละอายใจ |
| Turkish | |
| has gloss | tur: Utanç, içinde bulunulan durumdan kurtulmak isteme durumudur. Bir insan herhangi bir olaya karşı iç açıcı olmayan duygular besliyorsa, bu kişi böyle bir durum karşısında utanç duygusu yaşayabilir. Utanç, çoğu zaman benzer durumlara karşı gösterilir. Fakat bu, kişinin genetik yapısı ya da çevresel koşullarla değişmeler gösterebilir. Utanç duygusunu yaşama eylemine ise utanma adı verilir. |
| lexicalization | tur: utanç |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | tur: utanýlacak þey |
| Ukrainian | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | ukr: сором |
| Vietnamese | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | vie: sự hổ thẹn |
| lexicalization | vie: sự ngượng |
| lexicalization | vie: sự thẹn |
| lexicalization | vie: sự xấu hổ |
| Yiddish | |
| has gloss | yid: שאנדע איז די געוויסן וואס פלאגט דעם מענטש, איבער זיין באוויסטזיין אדער אנערקענונג פון נישט האבן קיין כבוד - אז אנדערע מענשטן קוקען אויף אים אראפ און נעגעטיוו צוליב עפעס א אקט אדער זאך. |
| lexicalization | yid: שאנדע |
| Links | |
|---|---|
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| similar | e/simple/Shame |
| Media | |
|---|---|
| media:img | Encapuchado Rosa.jpg |
| media:img | Goya9.jpg |
| media:img | Lucretia MR.jpg |
| media:img | WLANL - MicheleLovesArt - Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen - Eva na de zondeval, Rodin.jpg |
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