| Information | |
|---|---|
| has gloss | (noun) (psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it reinforcement, reinforcing stimulus, reinforcer |
| has gloss | eng: A reward is getting something good for doing a given task. It needs someone who has the power to give the good thing. It is the opposite of punishment. |
| has gloss | eng: Reinforcement is the specialist term in operant conditioning for the ‘stamping-in’ of stimulus associations and response habits that follows the experience of reward. Such reinforcement is defined to occur when an event following a response causes an increase in the probability of that response occurring in the future. The response strength of a reinforced behavior is assessed by such measures as the frequency with which the response is made. Examples of this include the number of times a pigeon pecks a key in a session, or the speed with which a rat may run a maze faster. |
| lexicalization | eng: reinforcement |
| lexicalization | eng: reinforcer |
| lexicalization | eng: reinforcing stimulus |
| lexicalization | eng: reward |
| lexicalization | eng: Superimposed schedules of reinforcement |
| subclass of | (noun) any stimulating information or event; acts to arouse action stimulant, stimulation, stimulus, input |
| has subclass | (noun) a reinforcing stimulus that serves to increase the likelihood of the response that produces it positive reinforcer, positive reinforcing stimulus |
| has subclass | (noun) a reinforcing stimulus whose removal serves to decrease the likelihood of the response that produced it negative reinforcing stimulus, negative reinforcer |
| Meaning | |
|---|---|
| Standard Arabic | |
| lexicalization | arb: تعزيز |
| Bulgarian | |
| has gloss | bul: Подкрепление е специфичен термин в оперантното кондициониране (оперантно обусляване). Подкреплението може да бъде два вида - положително и отрицателно. От своя страна подкреплението предизвиква отговор у индивида, на който е приложено. Силата на отговора на подкрепеното поведение се определя от такива мерки като колко често се прилага подкреплението при отговора. Терминът е използван често в трудовете на Бъръс Фредерик Скинър. |
| lexicalization | bul: подкрепление |
| lexicalization | bul: арматура |
| Catalan | |
| lexicalization | cat: reforç |
| Czech | |
| lexicalization | ces: výstuž |
| German | |
| has gloss | deu: Verstärkung ist ein Begriff aus der Verhaltensbiologie und der Psychologie, speziell aus dem Behaviorismus. Die Verstärkung beschreibt ein Ereignis, welches die Wahrscheinlichkeit erhöht, dass ein bestimmtes Verhalten gezeigt wird. Unterschieden wird zwischen „positiver“ und „negativer“ Verstärkung. Beide bewirken, dass ein Verhalten häufiger gezeigt wird, mit dem Unterschied, dass bei dem positiven Verstärker - auch Belohnung genannt - ein angenehmer Reiz auf ein gewünschtes Verhalten zugefügt wird (z. B. Schokolade, Zuwendung, Geld, etc.) und bei dem negativen Verstärker ein unangenehmer Reiz entfernt wird (z. B. Die Entfernung von Angst, Lärm, einer unangenehmen Tätigkeit, etc.). Ein negativer Verstärker darf also nicht (wie es oft passiert) mit einer Bestrafung verwechselt werden. Als Bestrafung bezeichnet man ein Ereignis, bei dem die Auftretenswahrscheinlichkeit eines Verhaltens gesenkt wird. |
| lexicalization | deu: Belohnung |
| lexicalization | deu: Verstärkung |
| French | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | fra: renfort |
| Icelandic | |
| has gloss | isl: Styrkir er áreiti sem fylgir tiltekinni hegðun sem eykur líkurnar á að hún endurtaki sig. Þegar hegðun eykst á þennan hátt kallast það styrking. |
| lexicalization | isl: Styrkir |
| Italian | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | ita: armatura |
| Japanese | |
| has gloss | jpn: 強化(きょうか)とはあるものを強くすることである。 |
| lexicalization | jpn: 強化 |
| Georgian | |
| lexicalization | kat: არმატურა |
| Latvian | |
| has gloss | lav: Pastiprinājums ir jēdziens uzvedības psiholoģijā. Tas nozīmē tādu reakciju apkārtējā vidē uz indivīda rīcību, kuras rezultātā indivīds iegūst sev vēlamu rezultātu. Saskaņā ar attiecīgo teoriju, ja indivīds regulāri novēro pozitīvu pastiprinājumu, tad viņš turpmāk līdzīgās situācijās vienmēr rīkosies šādā veidā. |
| lexicalization | lav: pastiprinājums |
| Dutch | |
| has gloss | nld: De term beloning kan in verschillende betekenissen gebruikt worden, namelijk in economisch c.q. maatschappelijk verband als tegenprestatie of loon, en in psychologisch verband als positieve reinforcer of bekrachtiger in bepaalde experimenten. De termen beloning en bekrachtiging verschillen echter toch in zekere mate. Bekrachtiging is een technische term: iets is een bekrachtiger als die tot een bepaald effect leidt, namelijk toename van gedrag. Een beloning hoeft dat niet te doen. Men kan iemand een beloning geven zonder dat die persoon daar zijn gedrag voor aanpast, of zelfs zonder dat die dat apprecieert. |
| lexicalization | nld: beloning |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | nld: bewapening |
| Occitan (post 1500) | |
| lexicalization | oci: renfortiment |
| Iranian Persian | |
| lexicalization | pes: تقويت |
| Polish | |
| has gloss | pol: Wzmocnienie, wzmocnienie pozytywne, wzmocnienie dodatnie to sytuacja (np. wyjście z klatki) lub bodziec pojawiający się w odruchu warunkowym klasycznym po bodźcu warunkowym, a w odruchu instrumentalnym po bodźcu warunkowym (takim sygnałem może być samo umieszczenie zwierzęcia w eksperymentalnym pomieszczeniu) i wymaganej w danym eksperymencie reakcji organizmu. Efektem wzmocnienia pozytywnego jest powstanie i podtrzymanie wyuczonej reakcji w odpowiedzi na bodźce warunkowe, rzadziej jej intensyfikacja (w fizjologicznym zakresie). |
| lexicalization | pol: wzmocnienie |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | pol: stemplowanie |
| Portuguese | |
| has gloss | por: Recompensa é o reconhecimento de um ato louvável, conseguir algo bom por fazer uma dada tarefa. É o oposto da punição. |
| lexicalization | por: recompensa |
| lexicalization | por: revestimento |
| Castilian | |
| has gloss | spa: El reforzador o refuerzo es, en psicología, el estímulo que refuerza una conducta. Es cualquier consecuencia o acontecimiento que, cuando se hace contingente respecto a una respuesta previa, aumenta la probabilidad de que esa respuesta aparezca de nuevo en el futuro. |
| lexicalization | spa: reforzador |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | spa: refuerzo |
| Serbian | |
| has gloss | srp: Поткрепљење је ојачавање, учвршћивање или осигуравање онога што је научено помоћу одређеног аранжирања неких дражи или стања. У класичном условљавању, процес појачавања везе између условне дражи и условног одговора. У оперантном условљавању или инструменталном учењу, процес појачавања неког пожељног инструменталног или оперантног одговора, помоћу неке задовољавајуће последице тог одговора (задовољење мотива, награда), односно слабљења и инхибирања непожељног одговора помоћу непријатних последица (казна). |
| lexicalization | srp: Поткрепљење |
| Thai | |
| has gloss | tha: การเสริมแรง (Reinforcement) คือการทำให้ความถี่ของพฤติกรรมเพิ่มขึ้น อันเป็นผลเนื่องมาจากผลกรรมที่ตามหลังพฤติกรรมนั้น |
| lexicalization | tha: การเสริมแรง |
| Chinese | |
| has gloss | zho: 增強是操作式条件反射中的重要概念。個體在情境中，因偶然出現某種反應，反應後帶來滿意結果，該結果稱為增強物。因增強物的適時出現，增加了個體以後在相同情形下重複該反應的機率，這表示增強物對於個體的反應起了強化作用。此種增強作用，即稱之為「增強」。 |
| lexicalization | zho: 增强 |
| Links | |
|---|---|
| has category | (noun) the science of mental life psychology, psychological science |
| similar | e/Reinforcement |
| Media | |
|---|---|
| media:img | Anthraxreward.jpg |
| media:img | Reward notice lalor black eureka.JPG |
| media:img | Schedule of reinforcement zh.GIF |
| media:img | Schedule of reinforcement.png |
| media:img | Squirrel Scratching the Armpit with its Hindlimb.jpg |
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