| Information | |
|---|---|
| has gloss | (noun) the foot of an ungulate mammal hoof |
| has gloss | eng: A hoof is the foot of certain animals known as ungulates (such as deer, cows, pigs, sheep, and giraffes). These animals walk on their toes. The toes have a hard cover made out of the same material as fingernails. This is called keratin. |
| has gloss | eng: A hoof is the tip of a toe of an ungulate mammal, strengthened by a thick horny (keratin) covering. The hoof consists of a hard or rubbery sole, and a hard wall formed by a thick nail rolled around the tip of the toe. The weight of the animal is normally borne by both the sole and the edge of the hoof wall. Hooves grow continuously, and are constantly worn down by use. "Hoof" is or ; the plural is either hooves ( or ), or hoofs . |
| lexicalization | eng: hoof |
| subclass of | (noun) the pedal extremity of vertebrates other than human beings foot, animal foot |
| has subclass | (noun) a hoof divided into two parts at its distal extremity (as of ruminants or swine) cloven hoof, cloven foot |
| has subclass | (noun) the hoof of a horse horse's foot |
| Meaning | |
|---|---|
| Arabic | |
| has gloss | ara: الحافر أو الظلف هو غطاء قرني سميك ومعقوف من بروتين الكيراتين يكسو أطراف الأصابع عند الحافريات فتستخدمها للسير عليها والحوافر تنمو بشكل مستمر لكنها تضعف تدريجيا |
| lexicalization | ara: حافر |
| Asturian | |
| lexicalization | ast: pezuña |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | ast: uña |
| Bosnian | |
| has gloss | bos: Kopito je naziv za stopalo kod kopitara. Anatomski, kopito predstavlja keratinsku opnu na vrhu srednjeg prsta, analogno noktu kod ljudi. |
| lexicalization | bos: kopito |
| Bulgarian | |
| has gloss | bul: Копито (от латински ungula) се нарича повърхностния рогов израстък, подлежащите тъкани и кости намиращи се на върха на крайниците при някой растителноядни и всеядни бозайници. Най-външната му обвивка се нарича копитна капсула. Тя представлява кератиново образувание и е форма на видоизменен нокът. Подобно на ноктите тя също расте през живота на животните, а долната ѝ част се изтърква при ходане. Еволюцията при някой от видовете е протекла в насока на стъпване върху върха на пръстите на крайниците. Постепенно крайните пръсти рудиментирали и останали най-силните, върху които животното да стъпва и да се придвижва. При някой от бозайниците най-добре са се развили 3 и 4 пръст за сметка на постепенно рудиментиращите 1, 2 и 5 пръст. От тях са се обособили днешните чифтокопитни животни. При еднокопитните най-добре се е развил 3 ти пръст, а останалите буквално изчезнали в хода ва еволюцията. |
| lexicalization | bul: копито |
| Catalan | |
| has gloss | cat: Una peülla és la punta dels dits de les potes dun mamífer ungulat, enfortida per una capa gruixuda de queratina. La peülla consisteix en una sola dura o gomosa, i una paret dura formada per una ungla gruixuda que envolta la punta del dit. El pes del animal és suportat per la sola i per la vora de lungla. Les peülles creixen contínuament i són constantment desgastades per l'ús. |
| lexicalization | cat: peülla |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | cat: grapa |
| Czech | |
| has gloss | ces: Kopyto je rohovité zakončení prstu nebo prstů savců z řádu sudokopytníků nebo lichokopytníků. Zvířata s kopyty patří mezi tak zvané prstochodce, protože fyzicky chodí po prstech (nebo prstě), které jsou postupnou evolucí přetvořena na kopyta. |
| lexicalization | ces: Kopyto |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | ces: kopyto |
| lexicalization | ces: pazneht |
| Mandarin Chinese | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | cmn: di |
| lexicalization | cmn: 蹢 |
| lexicalization | cmn: ti |
| lexicalization | cmn: 蹄 |
| Welsh | |
| has gloss | cym: :Am yr erthygl am y Carn a greir o gerrig, gweler Carnedd |
| lexicalization | cym: carn |
| Danish | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | dan: hov |
| German | |
| has gloss | deu: Der Huf ist ein Horngebilde, das bei Unpaarhufern das Zehenendglied umschließt. Die Bezeichnung wird üblicherweise für das Zehenendorgan der Pferde, Esel und Zebras verwendet; bei Paarhufern spricht man von Klauen. Anatomisch entspricht der Huf beim Menschen dem Fingernagel. Der Huf ist eine modifizierte äußere Haut, bei der die Unterhaut außer im Bereich der Polster fehlt und die Epidermis stark verhornt ist. |
| lexicalization | deu: Huf |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | deu: Klaue |
| Esperanto | |
| has gloss | epo: Hufo (ungula) estas ungoderivaĵo, keratoestaĵo de diversaj mamuloj, formita kiel larĝa piedbazo (ĉevalo, bovo, porko, kapro:hufuloj). La lastan falangon de la kruro kovras forte evoluinta korna tavolo. Ĝi havas du surafcojn: la antaŭan, konveksan kornomuron kaj la apogantan, konkavan plandan surfacon la t.n. kornoplandon. |
| lexicalization | epo: hufo |
| Estonian | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | est: kabi |
| Faroese | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | fao: hógvur |
| lexicalization | fao: hóvur |
| Persian | |
| has gloss | fas: سُم به پوششی در کف پای برخی از جانداران (چهارپایان) گفته می‌شود که جسمی استخوانی و محکم می‌باشد و از قسمت نرم انتهای پاهای جاندار در برابر آسیب های احتمالی جلو گیری می‌کند ، معمولاً در حیوانات اهلی که مورد استفادهٔ انسان قرار می‌گیرند و خصوصا اسب و الاغ و قاطر به جهت جلوگیری از فرسایش سم حیوان و از کارافتادگی زودبهنگام آن ، از نعل برای حل این مشکل استفاده می‌کنند. |
| lexicalization | fas: سم |
| Finnish | |
| lexicalization | fin: sorkka |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | fin: kavio |
| French | |
| has gloss | fra: Un sabot est une structure de corne qui recouvre la partie terminale du pied d'un mammifère ongulé. |
| lexicalization | fra: sabot |
| Western Frisian | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | fry: neil |
| Gaelic | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | gla: ladhar |
| Irish | |
| has gloss | gle: Is páirt adharcach an cos na capaill, ba agus ainmhithe eile é crúb. |
| lexicalization | gle: Crúb |
| Galician | |
| has gloss | glg: Un pezuño é unha unlla moi desenvolvida, composta por queratina, que cobre as dedas dos animais ungulados. Os animais que teñen pezuños camiñan apoiando o seu peso nestes, de aí que sexan denominados dixitígrados, a diferenza dos primates ou os osos, que camiñan sobre a planta do pé, sendo polo tanto plantígrados. |
| lexicalization | glg: pezuño |
| Serbo-Croatian | |
| has gloss | hbs: Kopito je naziv za stopalo kopitara. Poseduje neparan broj prstiju — jedan prst kod konjâ, a tri prsta kod tapirâ i nosorogâ. |
| lexicalization | hbs: Kopito |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | hbs: kopito |
| lexicalization | hbs: копито |
| Hebrew | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | heb: צפרן |
| Hindi | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | hin: Kura |
| Croatian | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | hrv: kopito |
| lexicalization | hrv: kòpito |
| Hungarian | |
| has gloss | hun: A pata a patás emlősök ujjának a hegye, melyet egy vastag szaruréteg (keratin) fed. A pata az ásás, kaparás, alátámasztás szerve, és egyben támadó fegyver is. A pata egy kemény vagy gumiszerű talpi részből és egy vastag köröm alkotta, az ujjhegyet körülvevő kemény falból áll. Az állat súlyát rendesen a talpi rész és a pata fali széle együttesen hordozza. A paták folyamatosan nőnek, és folyamatosan kopnak a használat következtében. |
| lexicalization | hun: pata |
| lexicalization | hun: láb |
| Armenian | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | hye: կճղակ |
| lexicalization | hye: սմբակ |
| lexicalization | hye: պճեղ |
| Indonesian | |
| has gloss | ind: Cakar adalah anggota tambahan badan yang terlindung dari ujung kaki. Cakar sebenarnya adalah pembesaran dan pengerasan dari kuku. |
| lexicalization | ind: Cakar |
| Icelandic | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | isl: klauf |
| lexicalization | isl: hófur |
| Japanese | |
| has gloss | jpn: 蹄（ひづめ）（英語 : Hoof, 複数形 : Hooves）は哺乳動物が四肢端に持つ角質の器官。爪の一種である。 |
| lexicalization | jpn: 蹄 |
| Kurdish | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | kur: sim |
| Malay (macrolanguage) | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | msa: kuku |
| Dutch | |
| has gloss | nld: Een hoef is een hoornen overdekking van het uiteinde van de voet. Het is in feite een vergrote en versterkte nagel. Van een hoef wordt gesproken als het de nagel is die bij het staan en lopen de grond raakt. |
| lexicalization | nld: hoef |
| Norwegian Bokmål | |
| lexicalization | nob: hov |
| Old Norse | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | non: hófr |
| Norwegian | |
| has gloss | nor: En hov er nederste del av tærne på et upartået hovdyr. Vanligvis brukes utrykket mest om hester, der hver fot ender i en enkelt tå med en stor, flat negl (selve hoven) som avslutning. Også nesehorn og tapirer har tær som ender i hover, men der er det flere hover per fot. |
| lexicalization | nor: hov |
| Occitan (post 1500) | |
| has gloss | oci: La bata es l'extremitat cobèrta de còrna (queratina) dels pès dels mamifèrs ongulats. |
| lexicalization | oci: bata |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | oci: peülla |
| Papiamento | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | pap: uña |
| Polish | |
| has gloss | pol: Kopyto (łac. ungula) – osłona końcowych członów palca ssaków kopytnych, składa się z trzech głównych części: odżywa, tworzywa i puszki rogowej kopyta. U parzystokopytnych kopyta noszą nazwę racic. Kopyto ma budowę podobną do budowy paznokcia i pazura, jest do nich homologiczne. W budowie kopyta wyróżnia się te same elementy: blaszkę grzbietową i blaszkę podeszwową, która przylega do opuszki palcowej. W kopycie opuszka palcowa przekształcona jest w tzw. strzałkę i zagłębiona w puszkę kopyta. |
| lexicalization | pol: Kopyto |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | pol: kopyto |
| Portuguese | |
| has gloss | por: O casco é a cobertura córnea ou unha espessa na última falange dos dedos dos ungulados. |
| lexicalization | por: Casco |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | por: pezunho |
| lexicalization | por: pata |
| Quechua | |
| has gloss | que: Phapa nisqaqa chulla rukanayuq, iskay ruk'anayuq nisqa yura mikhuq ñuñuq uywakunap ancha rahku sillunmi. |
| lexicalization | que: phapa |
| Moldavian | |
| has gloss | ron: Copita este o formaţiune cornoasă care acoperă ultima falangă a unor degete la mamiferele copitate. La unele animale, cum ar fi elefantul, lama, copita acoperă doar partea anterioară a vârfurilor degetelor. Serveşte animalului drept suprafaţă de sprijin, mijloc de protecţie împotriva duşmanilor etc. Raportată la anatomia omului, copita corespunde unghiei. |
| lexicalization | ron: Copită |
| Russian | |
| has gloss | rus: Копы́то — твёрдое образование вокруг пальцевых фаланг на конечностях у копытных млекопитающих. В анатомическом отношении копыта соответствуют ногтям у человека. Копыто является модифицированной кожей, у которой отсутствует нижний слой, а эпидермис превращён в мозоль. |
| lexicalization | rus: Копыто |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | rus: копыто |
| Slovak | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | slk: hnát |
| lexicalization | slk: laba |
| lexicalization | slk: kopyto |
| Slovenian | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | slv: kopito |
| Castilian | |
| has gloss | spa: Una pezuña es una uña muy desarrollada, compuesta por queratina, que cubre los dedos de las patas en los animales ungulados. |
| lexicalization | spa: Pezuna |
| lexicalization | spa: pezuña |
| Albanian | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | sqi: thundër |
| Sranan Tongo | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | srn: nagri |
| lexicalization | srn: nangra |
| Serbian | |
| has gloss | srp: Копито је назив за стопало копитара. Поседује непаран број прстију — један прст код коња̂, а три прста код тапира̂ и носорога̂. |
| lexicalization | srp: Копито |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | srp: kopito |
| Straits Salish | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | str: kʷaxʷən |
| Swahili (macrolanguage) | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | swa: ukucha |
| Swedish | |
| has gloss | swe: Hov kallas den hornbeklädda delen av foten (egentligen den tredje tån) hos uddatåiga hovdjur. |
| lexicalization | swe: Hov |
| Telugu | |
| has gloss | tel: ఖురిత జంతువులలో వేళ్ళముందు కాని వాటిని కప్పుతూ కాని ఉండే కొమ్ములాంటి రక్షక నిర్మాణాలు - గిట్టలు (Hoofs). ఇవి గోరుకు సమజాతాలు. గుర్రాలలో మూడవ వేలికి సంబంధించి ఒకే పెద్ద్ గిట్ట ఉంటుంది. కాని పశువులలో చీలిన గిట్టలుంటాయి. రెండు పెద్దవి, రెండు చిన్నవి ఉంటాయి. |
| lexicalization | tel: గిట్ట |
| Tagalog | |
| has gloss | tgl: Ang paa (Ingles: foot [isahan], feet [higit sa isa], hoof [isang paa ng kabayo at mga katulad nito], hooves [maramihan ng hoof], paw [paa ng mga pusa], aso o oso) ay ang pang-ibabang bahagi ng katawan ng tao o hayop na pangunahing ginagamit sa paglakad, pagtayo, at pagtakbo. Mayroong mga daliri at kuko ang mga paa. Sa mas malawak na kahulugan, nabibilang sa katawagang paa ang mga binti. |
| lexicalization | tgl: paa |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | tgl: pakò |
| Thai | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | tha: เท้าสัตว์ |
| Turkish | |
| lexicalization | tur: ayak |
| lexicalization | tur: tırnak |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | tur: toynak |
| Northern Tiwa | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | twf: kòwmą̏celéna |
| Ukrainian | |
| lexicalization | ukr: копито |
| Chinese | |
| has gloss | zho: 蹄是某些哺乳动物四肢前端的角质器官。 |
| lexicalization | zho: 蹄 |
| Media | |
|---|---|
| media:img | A cat's paw 2, ubt.JPG |
| media:img | Capreolus capreolus cloven hoof.jpg |
| media:img | Cat claw closeup.jpg |
| media:img | Hoof lat.jpg |
| media:img | Hoof quoted.jpg |
| media:img | HoofRasp.jpg |
| media:img | Horse anatomy hooves.jpg |
| media:img | Horse hoof wild bare sagittal.jpg |
| media:img | Horse rear hooves.jpg |
| media:img | Hufschnitt.jpg |
| media:img | Insekt-bein.gif |
| media:img | Male Right Foot 1.jpg |
| media:img | Masai Giraffe right-rear foot.jpg |
| media:img | Noe klauenstand.jpg |
| media:img | Owens - On the Anatomy of Vertebrates.png |
| media:img | Pferdehuf huf unten.jpg |
| media:img | Pferdehuf hufbeintraeger.jpg |
| media:img | Pferdehuf querschnitt2.jpg |
| media:img | PolishedHooves.jpg |
| media:img | Sabot saint.jpg |
| media:img | Shoeing in progress.jpg |
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