| Information | |
|---|---|
| has gloss | (noun) action taken in return for an injury or offense retaliation, revenge |
| has gloss | eng: Revenge (also known as vengeance or payback) is a harmful action against a person or group as a response to a real or perceived grievance. Although many aspects of revenge resemble the concept of justice, revenge connotes a more injurious and punitive focus as opposed to a harmonious and restorative one. Whereas justice generally implies actions undertaken and supported by a legitimate judicial system, by a system of ethics, or on behalf of an ethical majority, revenge generally implies actions undertaken by an individual or narrowly defined group outside the boundaries of judicial or ethical conduct. The goal of revenge usually consists of forcing the perceived wrongdoer to suffer the same or greater pain than that which was originally inflicted. |
| lexicalization | eng: retaliation |
| lexicalization | eng: revenge |
| subclass of | (noun) a reciprocal group action; "in return we gave them as good as we got" getting even, return, paying back |
| has subclass | (noun) the act of taking revenge (harming someone in retaliation for something harmful that they have done) especially in the next life; "Vengeance is mine; I will repay, saith the Lord"--Romans 12:19; "For vengeance I would do nothing. This nation is too great to look for mere revenge"--James Garfield; "he swore vengeance on the man who betrayed him"; "the swiftness of divine retribution" vengeance, retribution, payback |
| has subclass | (noun) a retaliatory action against an enemy in wartime reprisal |
| Meaning | |
|---|---|
| Old English (ca. 450-1100) | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | ang: ƿracu |
| Arabic | |
| has gloss | ara: الانتقام أو الثأر هو عمل ضار ضد شخص أو مجموعة ما، استجابة لمظلمة حقيقية أو متصورة. على الرغم من أن العديد من جوانب الانتقام تتفق مع مفهوم العدالة، فإن الانتقام يعني ضمنًا التركيز على إحداث مزيد من الضرر والعقاب في مقابل عقاب متصالح ومتناغم. في حين أن العدالة عمومًا تعني الإجراءات المتخذة التي يدعمها نظام قضائي شرعي، عن طريق نظام من الأخلاق، أو نيابة عن الأغلبية الأخلاقية، والانتقام عمومًا يعني الإجراءات المتخذة من قبل فرد أو مجموعة محددة خارج حدود السلوك القضائي أو الأخلاقي. هدف الانتقام عادة ما يكون إرغام الظالم المتصور على أن يعاني القدر من الألم نفسه أو أكبر من ذلك الذي لحق بالمظلوم في الأصل. |
| lexicalization | ara: انتقام |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | ara: إنتقام |
| Standard Arabic | |
| lexicalization | arb: ثأر |
| Asturian | |
| lexicalization | ast: revancha |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | ast: desquite |
| lexicalization | ast: esquite |
| Azerbaijani | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | aze: qisas |
| Catalan | |
| lexicalization | cat: revenja |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | cat: venjança |
| Czech | |
| lexicalization | ces: odveta |
| lexicalization | ces: revanš |
| lexicalization | ces: pomsta |
| lexicalization | ces: odplata |
| lexicalization | ces: msta |
| Mandarin Chinese | |
| lexicalization | cmn: huí bao |
| lexicalization | cmn: 回報 |
| lexicalization | cmn: 回报 |
| lexicalization | cmn: bào fu |
| lexicalization | cmn: 報復 |
| lexicalization | cmn: 报复 |
| Welsh | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | cym: dialedd |
| Danish | |
| has gloss | dan: Hævn består i ønsket om at ramme en person eller en gruppe personer, som har udført en skadevoldende handling eller foretaget en krænkelse, hvad enten denne er reel eller blot oplevet. Man vil gøre et regnskab op, og derfor er et vigtigt aspekt gensidighed (eller: reciprocitet). Selv om hævnen derved forsøger at gøre forholdet mellem parterne lige igen, har den et mere ødelæggende end konstruktivt mål. Den, som søger hævn, (den hævngerrige) kan have et ønske om at lade skadevolderen gennemgå det samme som ham selv eller om at sikre, at skadevolderen ikke er i stand til at gøre det samme igen. |
| lexicalization | dan: hævn |
| German | |
| has gloss | deu: Rache ist eine Handlung, die den Ausgleich erlittenen Unrechts bewirken soll. Sie wird als „die erste und roheste Offenbarung des Rechtsgefühls“ bezeichnet. Sie ist immer eine physische oder psychische Gewalttat. Vom Verbrechen wird sie im archaischen Recht nur durch die Rechtmäßigkeit unterschieden. |
| lexicalization | deu: Rache |
| lexicalization | deu: Vergeltung |
| lexicalization | deu: Ahndung |
| lexicalization | deu: Vergeltungsmaßnahme |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | deu: Revanche |
| lexicalization | deu: Konterschlag |
| lexicalization | deu: Gegenschlag |
| lexicalization | deu: Konter |
| Modern Greek (1453-) | |
| lexicalization | ell: αντεκδίκηση |
| Esperanto | |
| has gloss | epo: Venĝo signifas, ke venĝanto faras al iu la saman aŭ pli malbonan ol la farinto mem pli frue faris al li. |
| lexicalization | epo: revenĝo |
| lexicalization | epo: venĝo |
| lexicalization | epo: Venĝo |
| lexicalization | epo: sinvenĝo |
| lexicalization | epo: reprezalio |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | epo: rebato |
| Estonian | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | est: kätte maksma |
| Basque | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | eus: mendeku |
| Faroese | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | fao: hevnd |
| Persian | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | fas: انتقام |
| lexicalization | fas: بادا فرا |
| Finnish | |
| has gloss | fin: Kosto on teko, jonka tekijä pyrkii vahingoittamaan joko suoraan tai epäsuoraan henkilöä, jonka hän joko katsoo aiheuttaneen hänelle vääryyttä tai kohdelleen häntä epäoikeudenmukaisesti. Suomen laki ei oikeuta kostoa, vaan asiankäsittely voidaan riitauttaa oikeusistuimissa tietyin perustein. Mikäli rikos on tapahtunut kostamistarkoituksessa, se saattaa johtaa raskauttavien asianhaarojen vallitessa annettavaan sanktioon. |
| lexicalization | fin: kosto |
| lexicalization | fin: Kosto |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | fin: kostoisku |
| French | |
| has gloss | fra: La vengeance est un acte d’attaque dun premier acteur contre un second, motivée par une action antérieure du second, perçue comme négative (concurrence ou agression) par le premier. Il peut sagir de personnes, de personnes morales, de groupes familiaux ou ethniques, d , notamment pour le second acteur. Ce comportement nest pas exclusivement humain, mais c’est chez eux que la vengeance est la plus fréquente. On connaît notamment ces éléphants de cirque qui attaquent leur dresseur qui les maltraite. En décembre 2000, le journal saoudien Al Riyadh a rapporté quun groupe de babouins hamadryas sétaient embusqués sur le bord de la route pendant trois jours afin de lapider un automobiliste, qui avait précédemment écrasé un des membres du groupe de singes. |
| lexicalization | fra: revanche |
| lexicalization | fra: talion |
| lexicalization | fra: vengeance |
| lexicalization | fra: rétorsion |
| lexicalization | fra: représailles |
| Old French (842-ca. 1400) | |
| lexicalization | fro: venjance |
| Irish | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | gle: díoltas |
| Galician | |
| has gloss | glg: A vinganza consiste primordialmente na reprimenda contra unha persoa ou grupo en resposta a unha mala acción percibida. Aínda que moitos aspectos da vinganza se asemellan ao concepto de xustiza, a vinganza en xeral persegue un obxectivo máis inxurioso que reparador. O desexo de vinganza consiste en forzar a quen fixese algo malo en sufrir a mesma dor que el inflixiu, ou asegurarse de que esta persoa ou grupo non volverá cometer os devanditos danos outra vez. A vinganza é un acto que, na meirande parte dos casos, causa pracer a quen a efectua, debido ao sentimento de rancor que ocasiona o antecedente factor. |
| lexicalization | glg: vinganza |
| Hebrew | |
| has gloss | heb: נקמה היא מעשה תגמול כנגד אדם או קבוצה של אנשים, כתגובה למעשה עוולה, או למעשה כלשהו הנתפס ככזה. הנקמה היא רגש אנושי בסיסי שנמצא גם אצל בעלי חיים. למרות שהיבטים רבים של נקמה מציגים רעיונות של צדק, בדרך כלל יש לה מטרות פוגעניות ומזיקות, ולא בהכרח הולמות וראויות. בזמן שהצדק גורר פעולות הנתמכות על ידי מערכת אתית וחוקית, הנקמה מתבצעת, בדרך כלל, על ידי יחידים או קבוצות הפועלים מחוץ למסגרת החוק. מטרת הנקמה היא לכפות על מושאה סבל הדומה לזה שגרם מלכתחילה, ולעתים להרתיע מעשיית עוול. |
| lexicalization | heb: נקמה |
| Hindi | |
| lexicalization | hin: baxalA |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | hin: prawiSoXa |
| Croatian | |
| lexicalization | hrv: osveta |
| lexicalization | hrv: odmazda |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | hrv: òdmazda |
| lexicalization | hrv: ȍsveta |
| Hungarian | |
| lexicalization | hun: bosszú |
| Armenian | |
| lexicalization | hye: վրեժ |
| lexicalization | hye: վրիժառություն |
| lexicalization | hye: փոխվրեժ |
| Ido | |
| lexicalization | ido: venjo |
| Indonesian | |
| lexicalization | ind: pembalasan |
| Italian | |
| has gloss | ita: La vendetta è un'emozione (e in alcuni soggetti un bisogno) che segue al rancore o risentimento. |
| lexicalization | ita: vendetta |
| lexicalization | ita: Vendetta |
| lexicalization | ita: rivincita |
| lexicalization | ita: rappresaglia |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | ita: rivalsa |
| lexicalization | ita: contrappasso |
| lexicalization | ita: taglione |
| lexicalization | ita: ritorsione |
| Japanese | |
| has gloss | jpn: 報復（ほうふく）とは、ひどい仕打ちを行った、相手に対するやり返しの総称で、復讐（ふくしゅう）と称する場合もある。 |
| lexicalization | jpn: 復習 |
| lexicalization | jpn: 報復 |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | jpn: 復讐 |
| Georgian | |
| lexicalization | kat: შურისძიება |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | kat: შურისგება |
| Korean | |
| has gloss | kor: 복수(復讐)는 본인이나 같은 집단의 사람(형제,부모 등 가족,친척,친구,같은 부락 소속의 사람등)다른 사람이나 다른 집단에서 육체적,정신적,재산적,사회적 피해를 받았을 때 받은 것 만큼 상대에게 피해를 주는 행위이다. |
| lexicalization | kor: 보복 |
| lexicalization | kor: 복수 |
| lexicalization | kor: 앙갚음 |
| Latin | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | lat: ultio ultionis |
| Latvian | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | lav: atriebe |
| lexicalization | lav: atriebība |
| Lithuanian | |
| lexicalization | lit: kerštas |
| Macedonian | |
| lexicalization | mkd: одмазда |
| Mongolian | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | mon: өс авах |
| Maori | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | mri: utua |
| Malay (macrolanguage) | |
| has gloss | msa: Dendam (ataupun Vengeance dalam bahasa Inggeris) merupakan suatu perasaan yang lahir daripada perasaan benci atau marah, seringkali dipendam secara rahsia oleh seseorang individu. Dendam juga boleh lahir daripada hasrat dengki atau ketidakpuasan hati. Dalam agama islam, dendam itu adalah berdosa. |
| lexicalization | msa: Dendam |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | msa: dendam |
| Dutch | |
| has gloss | nld: Wraak is vergelding van onrecht of leed. |
| lexicalization | nld: wraak |
| lexicalization | nld: vergelding |
| Norwegian | |
| has gloss | nor: Hevn er en form for neagtiv resiprositet, hvilket vil si at vondt gjengjeldes med vondt. |
| lexicalization | nor: hevn |
| Occitan (post 1500) | |
| lexicalization | oci: revenja |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | oci: resvenjadissa |
| lexicalization | oci: venjança |
| lexicalization | oci: represalha |
| Polish | |
| has gloss | pol: Zemsta - odwet na osobie lub grupie za doznane wcześniej zło. Zemsta może przypominać sprawiedliwą karę za winy, ale jej motywem nie jest dobro społeczeństwa, lecz osobista żądza odegrania się na przeciwniku. Mściciel chce, aby jego ofiara cierpiała tak samo albo bardziej niż on i nigdy więcej nie mogła uczynić tego samego zła jemu bądź bliskim mu osobom. |
| lexicalization | pol: zemsta |
| lexicalization | pol: Zemsta |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | pol: odwet |
| lexicalization | pol: pomsta |
| Portuguese | |
| has gloss | por: Vingança consiste na retaliação contra uma pessoa ou grupo em resposta a algo que foi percebido ou sentido como prejudicial. Embora muitos aspectos da vingança possam lembrar o conceito de igualar as coisas, na verdade a vingança em geral tem um objetivo mais destrutivo do que construtivo. Quem busca vingança deseja forçar o outro lado a passar pelo que passou e/ou garantir que não seja capaz de repetir a ação nunca mais. |
| lexicalization | por: vingança |
| lexicalization | por: revanche |
| Moldavian | |
| lexicalization | ron: răzbunare |
| lexicalization | ron: revanșă |
| Russian | |
| has gloss | rus: :О фильме см. статью Месть (фильм) Месть — вредящие действия, произведённые из побуждения ответить на реальную или мнимую несправедливость, причинённую ранее. |
| lexicalization | rus: реванш |
| lexicalization | rus: месть |
| lexicalization | rus: возмездие |
| lexicalization | rus: мщение |
| lexicalization | rus: отмщение |
| lexicalization | rus: репрессалия |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | rus: воздаяние |
| lexicalization | rus: отплата |
| Slovak | |
| lexicalization | slk: odplata |
| lexicalization | slk: odveta |
| lexicalization | slk: represia |
| lexicalization | slk: revanš |
| Castilian | |
| has gloss | spa: :Este artículo trata sobre la reprimenda; para el álbum musical, véase «¡Venganza!». La venganza consiste primordialmente en la reprimenda contra una persona o grupo en respuesta a una mala acción percibida. Aunque muchos aspectos de la venganza se asemejan al concepto de justicia, la venganza en general persigue un objetivo más injurioso que reparador. El deseo de venganza consiste en forzar a quien haya hecho algo malo en sufrir el mismo dolor que él infligió, o asegurarse de que esta persona o grupo no volverá a cometer dichos daños otra vez. La venganza es un acto, que en la mayoria de los casos, causa placer a quien la efectua, debido al sentimiento de rencor que ocasiona el antecedente factor. |
| lexicalization | spa: venganza |
| lexicalization | spa: revancha |
| lexicalization | spa: represalia |
| lexicalization | spa: desquite |
| Albanian | |
| has gloss | sqi: Gjakmarrja nënkupton daljen e gjakut nga trupi. Termi gjakmarrje ka dy kuptime duke e vështruar nga këndi mjekësorë dhe ai shoqërorë kur tek i pari këndvështrim ka kuptim pozitiv kurse tek i dyti negativ. |
| lexicalization | sqi: Gjakmarrja |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | sqi: gjakmarrja |
| Serbian | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | srp: odmazda |
| lexicalization | srp: освета |
| Spanish Sign Language | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | ssp: svha:omemu-s:ebaumemu |
| Swahili (macrolanguage) | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | swa: kisasi |
| Swedish | |
| has gloss | swe: En hämnd är en missgärning motiverad av en tidigare, liknande, missgärning mot den som utför hämnden eller en anhörig till denne. Syftet kan vara rationellt (avskräckning och inkapacitering), men också känslomässigt; många människor har någon form av nedärvda hämndinstinkter, dock har västerländska samhällen sedan 1800-talet gått från fokus på hämnd och straff, till vård och rehabilitering av brottslingar. |
| lexicalization | swe: hämnd |
| Thai | |
| lexicalization | tha: ความอาฆาต |
| lexicalization | tha: การตอบโต้ |
| lexicalization | tha: การแก้ลำ |
| lexicalization | tha: การแก้เผ็ด |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | tha: การตอบแทน |
| Tigrinya | |
| lexicalization | tir: ሒነ |
| Turkish | |
| lexicalization | tur: öç |
| lexicalization | tur: intikam |
| lexicalization | tur: misilleme |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | tur: rövanþ |
| lexicalization | tur: acýsýný çýkarma |
| lexicalization | tur: intikam hýrsý |
| lexicalization | tur: öç alma isteði |
| lexicalization | tur: hesaplaþma |
| Ukrainian | |
| lexicalization | ukr: помста |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | ukr: відплата |
| lexicalization | ukr: реванш |
| Chinese | |
| has gloss | zho: } 报复，亦作復仇、報仇，指的是用某种手段，语言，手势，表情等向一个对象来发泄自己不满的行为，報仇說恨是一種道德或倫理方面的核心價值。一般来说，与报仇，复仇等同义。在报复的过程中，报复者会产生一种罪恶的快感。有句话说道：有仇必报，是报复者的心态。而被报复人会遭到一定的伤害，有可能产生仇恨并反报复。这就是冤冤相报何时了的感叹。 |
| lexicalization | zho: 報復 |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | zho: 復仇 |
| lexicalization | zho: 报仇 |
| lexicalization | zho: 报复 |
| Links | |
|---|---|
| similar | e/Revenge |
| Media | |
|---|---|
| media:img | DVinfernoMegaeraTisifphoneAlecto m.jpg |
| media:img | Disambig.svg |
| media:img | Gallen-Kallela Joukahainen's revenge.jpg |
| media:img | Prudhon juctice.jpg |
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